A review of the literature about reading instruction for ethnically different students discloses a body of information largely disconnected and biased. Numerous factors are alleged to be determinants of the reading retardation of such students. Generally, these fall into two categories: racial factors in intelligence and cultural deprivation. The…

Extending the classical twin method, Arthur R. Jensen claims to find unique estimates of the variance and covariance of the genetic and environmental components of IQ. The analyses presented in this paper show that a wide variety of parameter estimates are compatible with his model and data. But the extent of indeterminancy is deemed to be even…

The study was undertaken to determine the possibility of a relationship between the selected traits of cognitive ability, conceptual development, emotional maturity, and perceptual-motor development in disadvantaged kindergarten children, since the knowledge of the relationship between traits might make it possible to strengthen a child's…

This study bears on Arthur R. Jensen's latest statement on the heritability of intelligence. Allowing for gene-environment correlation, Jensen (1975) reports that under a wide range of assumptions, the twin data show that one-half to three-fourths of IQ variance is accounted for by genetic factors. This conclusion falls when an arbitrary…

Studies of natural dialogue indicate that people interact according to established patterns which are organized around the participants' goals. These patterns have been represented by a set of knowledge structures called "Dialogue-games" which are founded on conventional knowledge about communication and its uses to achieve goals. The…

This paper summarizes the findings from a two-part evaluation study which compared the effects of five model preschool intervention programs and examined 5-year longitudinal data on the effects of three of these five programs. The original five programs (Traditional, Community-Integrated, Montessori, Karnes and Bereiter-Engelmann) represented a…

The interrelationships of intelligence, field independence, analytic cognitive style, and spatial and perceptual abilities among boys were examined. The contribution of cognitive style to the prediction of English and mathematics achievement was investigated. Substantial overlap was confirmed between field independence and intelligence. An…

Psychological and anthropological approaches to the study of human behavior are compared. Strengths and weaknesses of each approach are delineated, and the need for a combination of the two disciplines is stressed. The article focuses on cross-cultural studies of cognition and reviews three recent books in this area. (RD)

A Group of children were given the Otis Lennon Mental Abilities Tests in grades 3, 5, and 7, to measure the degree of score consistency over time. The test predicted future academic success only moderately well in grade 5 and slightly, if at all, in grade 3. (Author/SJL)

Trotman's study (EJ 168 902) correlating child rearing in Black and White samples to children's achievement and intelligence is criticized. Trotman made several erroneous conclusions, and did not add important information about the nature nurture controversy as it applies to racial differences in intelligence. (Author/BH)

This article presents an alternative mode of assessing minority children's strengths and weaknesses by utilizing a conceptual framework referred to as Cognitive Style, that is, the processes a child uses to learn. The process of "mapping" a student's learning style provides both a diagnostic tool and a basis for prescription writing.…

In studies of the relationship between masculinity-femininity and intelligence, data should be analyzed using correlational analysis for the complete distribution, rather than analysis of variance of extreme groups. The earlier work of Baucom and Welsh (EJ 171 822) was used as illustration. (BW)

Humphreys' criticisms (TM 503 269) of the work of Welsh and Baucom (EJ 171 822) are inappropriate since his findings are based upon a different measure of masculinity-femininity and a population which is somewhat different. Also, his insistence on correlational analysis to the exclusion of extreme group design is viewed as inappropriately…

Ten years of validity research concerning the Slosson Intelligence Test (SIT) is reviewed. The equivalence of the SIT to the Stanford-Binet and the Wechsler Scales is examined and the relationship of the SIT to achievement measures is described. (Author)

This study is based on three distinct elementary cognitive tasks using chronometric techniques: (1) the S. Sternberg memory scan task, (2) a visual scan task; and (3) the Hick paradigm. Certain parameters of the tasks are compared experimentally and correlationally. Subjects were 48 university students, tested and retested on the tasks in a…