Many teacher education programs are moving toward some type of selective admissions procedures ranging from tests of competence in oral and written communication to committee assessments using multiple criteria. The screening technique proposed in this study is a reading proficiency test, measuring teacher candidates' ability to read textbook…

Reports that providing inservice training to eighth-grade teachers in Zaire resulted in the improvement of their students' ability to use a text to locate main ideas and supporting details. (AEA)

Spatial and temporal matching abilities of normal and disabled readers were investigated. Average and dyseidetic readers were better able than dysphonetic and alexic readers to match purely temporal information. Dysphonetic and alexic readers demonstrated greater difficulty with temporal rather than spatial information. The existence of memory and…

Compares the dependence of Hebrew-reading children and adults on graphemes and their translation to phonemes while reading. Concludes that when written Hebrew words are being named by both children and adults, their graphemes are phonemically recorded, with the effect being more pronounced in children. (AEA)

This study tried to identify attitudes of 860 randomly-selected freshman class members toward five concepts: my reading ability; my mathematics ability; my ability to write compositions; myself; and Morehead State University. Subjects completed anonymous semantic differential ratings. Scaled feelings of value, power, and activity toward each…

This study sought to replicate findings from a clinical sample of boys with two normal day school samples, ages 9-10 and 13-14. Results showed a significant interaction effect only for the older group. (Author/SJL)

The ability of elementary children to read texts distorted to reduce sound, shape, or orthographic cues was observed. Good readers (reading age of over seven years) found distorted orthographic cues more difficult than reduced sound or shape cues. Poorer readers were not differentially affected by the three types of distortions. (Author/SJL)

An investigation was conducted to identify and compare the reasoning strategies used by above-average and average readers in reading comprehension. Findings indicated that both groups used various types of reasoning strategies in comprehension, but that there were significant quantitative differences between the groups in application and success…

The Wickens release from proactive interference (RIP) short-term memory technique was used to study encoding with functional categories by 7-, 10-, and 19-year-old male and female subjects. (CM)

The validity of the Study Practices Inventory (SPI) for a group of entering pharmacy students was assessed. The four subscores of the SPI showed moderate correlation with entering grade point average and with measures of reading ability. (Author/JKS)

Notes that research has demonstrated the importance of parent-child interactions in developing literacy. Claims that parent literacy programs are effective in the children's literacy development. Proposes that research on the value of extensive interventions can suggest ways to improve parents' interactions with their children during the literacy…

Relationships between teachers' theoretical orientations toward reading, classroom process, and task assignment and student outcomes for students who had scored above or below the population median on a standardized test of early reading ability were studied for 11 kindergarten teachers and 132 students. Differences for whole-language and phonics…

Finds that the Reading-for-Meaning Scale (first standardized in 1979) shows no drop in reading standards among 7- to 12-year-olds, but shows a widening performance gap between middle-class and low-income schools. Attributes this gap to segregation of schools based on socioeconomic status. Suggests that primary teachers do as good a job as they did…

This study examined cognitive ability, short-term verbal memory, and speech perception in relation to phonological awareness in 42 gifted and 49 regular 3rd and 4th graders and in 61 prereading kindergartners. Those with higher cognitive reasoning skills scored higher on tasks of phonological awareness than those with lower reasoning skills.…

Presents a study in which two reading literacy/text comprehension (on-line comprehension versus memory-based comprehension) tests were administered to fifteen year old students (n=6104) from all German states and school types. Explains that on-line comprehension was affected by metacognitive knowledge, decoding speed, and the number of books at…