Academic achievement in reading, arithmetic, and spelling was investigated among 42 incarcerated emotionally handicapped (EH), learning disabled (LD), educable mentally retarded (EMR), and nonidentified incarcerated juvenile delinquents (12 to 17 years old). Ss were administered the Wide Range Achievement Test to determine level of achievement in…

To investigate relationships among reading scores, college academic performance, degree expectations, self-assessed skills, and retention, data from "The Nelson-Denny Reading Test" and background information from "The New Student Survey" were correlated with the freshman year academic performance and enrollment status at the beginning of the…

To investigate the effect of the Initial Teaching Alphabet (ITA) on spelling proficiency, a study was devised whereby seventh grade students who had been taught reading in the first and second grade using ITA were compared with students who had been taught in the traditional manner. Each group of students was tested on the spelling sections of two…

Two experiments investigated individual differences in semantic recall of expository text. In the first experiment, fourth grade students of superior and average ability read and recalled a prose passage that had been analyzed for its semantic and logical content with a content structure grammar. Unlike past research results, the superior…

A reading test and three cloze tests (English, health, and social studies passages with fifth/sixth grade readability levels) were administered to 410 ninth grade students to study the relationship between cloze errors and reading ability. Six types of incorrect responses were considered: synonymous, syntactically acceptable but semantically…

A three-way mixed factorial design was used in a study of the ways good and poor readers used context in cloze tasks. Reading ability (good versus poor readers) and booklet format (sentence versus sentence fragment presentation) served as between-subject factors, while context (whole versus partial passage) served as a within-subject factor.…

SIGNIFICANT RESEARCH ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF VISION AND READING DISABILITY IS SURVEYED. CONCLUSIONS BASED ON THE LITERATURE IN THE FIELD ARE DISCUSSED. A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF 70 REFERENCES AND A GLOSSARY OF TERMS ARE APPENDED. A TABLE SUMMARIZING REFRACTIVE ERRORS AND EYE DEFECTS CONTRIBUTING TO READING DISABILITY IS INCLUDED.…

PROJECT LITERACY IS A GROUP OF COOPERATING RESEARCHERS WHO PLAN THEIR RESEARCH TOGETHER AND MAKE THEIR FINDINGS RAPIDLY AVAILABLE FOR SMALL-SCALE TRYOUTS. IN THIS WAY, ADVANCES BOTH IN BASIC EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL PRACTICE CAN BE PROMOTED. THE FOLLOWING ASSUMPTIONS HAVE GUIDED A GROUP OF RESEARCHERS AT CORNELL--READING INVOLVES…

AN EXPERIMENT WAS CONDUCTED IN A TYPICAL SCHOOL SITUATION TO DETERMINE IF VARIATIONS AMONG TEACHER PRESENTATIONS OF LISTENING TESTS (READING ABILITIES) HAVE DIFFERENT EFFECTS ON THE RESULTS OF THESE TESTS. LISTENING TESTS WERE ADMINISTERED TO PUPILS OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN FARGO, NORTH DAKOTA, AT THE HIGH SCHOOL, JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL, AND…

THE PROBLEM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE DEGREE TO WHICH THE READING LEVEL OF A CHILD WHO HAS A SEVERE READING PROBLEM CAN BE RAISED BY USING AN INSTRUCTIONAL SYSTEM CALLED "READING HABILITATION." THIS IS A SYSTEM OF UNISON READING IN WHICH THE STUDENT AND INSTRUCTOR READ ALOUD SIMULTANEOUSLY AT A RAPID RATE. THE METHOD IS AIMED AT…

Word identification latencies and word prediction accuracy were compared for groups of skilled and less skilled fifth grade readers in three experiments. In each experiment, discourse context reduced identification latencies for less skilled as well as skilled readers. This was true both when context was heard and when it was read. The general…

Four readers, ranging in age from 62 to 82, were selected for intensive analysis of their reading strategies, habits, and interests. Interviewing provided demographic information and reading habits and interests. Each person read orally an unfamiliar expository selection rated at ninth-grade-level difficulty by the Dale-Chall Readability Formula…

Employing a cognitive/motivational analysis, a study was undertaken to determine some specific self-perceptions that might contribute to motivational and performance deficits observed in children with reading difficulties. A total of 72 children of relatively good, average, and poor reading ability were assessed on tasks in which success and…

United States Air Force personnel at two levels of reading ability (eighth and tenth grades) were the subjects in a study that measured the effects of three experimental variables on comprehension of two text passages developed from Air Force reading materials. The factors investigated were reading ability, "literacy gap" (the difference in the…

Teachers can improve students' content reading by preparing reading profiles in terms of student abilities, instructional material selection, and content learning objectives. These profiles should contain the following elements: orientation questions that give the teachers their present bearings; the identification of the readability levels of…