The questions that teachers ask to elicit student reasoning are among the most important aspects of productive mathematics talk. These questions--often referred to as "press for reasoning"--offer teachers an effective tool for helping students explicate the concepts and principles that undergird their strategies (Kazemi and Stipek 2009).…

We investigated whether the developmental emergence of episodic future thinking (EFT) is associated with performance on a type of delay of gratification task: a delay choice task that involved choosing between a small reward now or a larger reward the next day. In Study 1, 4- to 5-year-olds' (N = 99) EFT as measured by a tool saving task was…

While it is argued that use of rubrics and exemplars has the potential to develop students' ability to distinguish quality, make evaluative judgments and take productive action, few studies have directly investigated the latter. To address this gap the current study employed classroom observations, eight focus groups interviews with 18 students…

Fairy tales often occupy only a superficial role in German language classrooms, used to check a culture box and teach the simple past tense. However, teaching fairy tales can engage students' analytical faculties and expose them to the culturally and linguistically embedded nature of folktales, leading them to a deeper appreciation of language,…

Proportional reasoning failures seem to constitute most errors in probabilistic reasoning, yet there is little empirical evidence about its role for attaining probabilistic knowledge and how to effectively intervene with students who have less proportional reasoning skills. We examined the contributions of students' proportional reasoning skill…

Critical thinking (CT) is a 21st century skill that is essential for students to develop for the future workforce. One way that has found success in facilitating CT in students is asynchronous online discussions (AODs); however, the research does not reflect the impact of this medium specifically in the context of Economics education. This study…

This article examines how much 'complex knowledge' is assessed during a university degree and the extent to which a student has the opportunity to develop this. We conceptualise complex knowledge as any type of assessment that requires students to create and evaluate knowledge, and for which they may receive formative feedback. Such activities are…

From the study's qualitative analysis, 5 latent variables and 21 observed variables concerning complex problem-solving (CPS) skills were identified and subsequently used in a questionnaire on a sample of 214 Thai education professionals teaching information and communication technology (ICT)-related student teachers in one of 31 Thai Rajabhat…

Teachers' geometric thinking is crucial to teaching efficacy in geometry since teacher knowledge or thinking serves as a basis for the quality of instruction provided for students' learning. Teachers' thinking about geometry has attracted much attention among mathematics education researchers. This study therefore aimed at assessing elementary…

The inclusion of thinking skills in Religious Education as an intentional pedagogical emphasis encourages depth of understanding as students explore theological concepts in the curriculum. The aim of this research was to investigate the ways in which teachers of Years 4-6 incorporate a pedagogy of thinking skills into Christian Studies lessons,…

Emergent graphical shape thinking (Moore & Thompson, 2015) is a way of reasoning that is critical across numerous STEM fields. However, evidence indicates that the underlying component ideas for emergent thinking are underdeveloped in school mathematics education (e.g., Thompson & Carlson, 2017), and few studies directly report on…

As the demand for skilled data scientists has grown, university level statistics and data science courses have become more rigorous in training students to understand and utilize the tools that their future careers will likely require. However, the mechanisms to assess students' use of these tools while they are learning to use them are not well…

After teaching last 10 years and analyzing student work, I realize that in developmental and Elementary Algebra courses there is a disconnection between the students conceptual understanding in context in contrast to their procedural fluency. In some cases, students can perform the procedure, but do not understand when the procedure is valid. In…

Numerous studies have shown that individuals from less advantaged backgrounds face poorer labor market prospects partly because they are characterized by low levels of skills, including digital skills. However, regarding digital skills, most of these studies rely on indicators of general digital competences rather than of specific information and…

Fluency in mathematics is more than adeptly using basic facts or implementing algorithms. It is not about speed or recall. Real fluency is about choosing strategies that are efficient, flexible, lead to accurate solutions, and are appropriate for the given situation. Developing fluency is also a matter of equity and access for all learners. The…