The effect of parafoveal noise information on a Hirakana target-recognition task was investigated in good and poor readers from first and second grades. A differential effect of parafoveal noise produced a longer or shorter variation in reaction time depending on kind of surrounding material. Filtering mechanism efficiency differences are…

Examines the perceptions of elementary school students regarding who among their fellow students are "better readers." Particular attention is given to the effects of differences in classroom organization, student age, and student ability on student perception. (MP)

Individual differences in digit span, susceptibility to proactive interference, and various aptitude/achievement test scores were investigated in two experiments with college students. Results indicated that digit span was strongly correlated with aptitude/achievement scores, but did not indicate that susceptibility to proactive interference…

Phonological coding in printed-word recognition in English was studied by examining the use made of syllable information by skilled and less skilled readers in the second grade and by adults. The results are discussed in terms of an interactive model of reading. (Author/PN)

Compares results of standardized reading tests with informal reading inventories to determine whether teachers should favor one score over the other as an indicator of instructional reading level. (FL)

The effects of language in education are rarely accounted for in (1) measurement of intelligence; (2) diagnosis of language, speech, or learning pathology; (3) reading ability measurement; and (4) educator attitudes toward language variations. Educational malpractice in these areas may have negative effects on identity development among…

A study of pupils who had been suspended from school for disciplinary reasons suggested they had stressful family environments, were more likely to have suffered a serious illness, had low intelligence, and suffered severe reading problems which could have led to disruptive behavior. Argued that school policy significantly determined whether or…

Describes the effect of book talks by a school library media specialist on the reading habits of low- and high-ability fifth-grade students at Butterfield Trail Elementary School in Fayetteville, Arkansas. (JL)

To determine the literacy demands, competencies, and strategies present in the workplace and in schools, workers (N=150), high school students (N=48), and technical school students (N=51) were interviewed and tested with written materials. Data suggested that workers faced more stringent job literacy demands than students. (RC)

The author, a college professor, cites specific instances in which his students misread examination questions. He considers his role in dealing with college students who have such poor reading ability. (SJL)

As achievement in basic reading declines, the content validity of tests in special subjects may be reduced because examinees cannot read the test items. This study found that reading ability and item format affected test scores in the area of health science for a sample of high school students. (Author/JKS)

Suggests that teachers must integrate the instruction of language and content if they wish to develop fully their students' cognitive abilities. (MKM)

Compares the Bond and Tinker, and the Harris reading expectancy formulas, using 113 fourth, fifth, and sixth graders. Finds that the use of both formulas is desirable in clinical situations, but that the Harris formula is preferable if gains on standardized tests are the only criteria of success. (RL)