In recent years, oil refining in Western Europe has experienced a period of intense contraction. Discussed are the nature of the crisis, defensive strategies that have been adopted, the spatial consequences of the strategies, and how effective they have been in combatting the root causes of crises. (RM)

Examines appropriate map learning experiences for elementary school children based on inferences derived from Piaget's research on cognitive development. Addresses the eight skills developed in most map learning programs: 1) interpreting symbols, 2) envisioning perspective, 3) locating places, 4) determining direction, 5) computing distance, 6)…

Explains the relationship between important citizenship goals and recognized map skills. Demonstrates, grade by grade, how to conduct map learning activities that foster active involvement and problem solving skills needed for democratic citizenship. (JDH)

Presents fifteen activities designed to lead children from the enactive, iconic, and symbolic levels of understanding map symbols, perspective, direction, distance, location, scale, relief and elevation. (JDH)

Reviews three themes of reference used in relation to geography: facts, maps, and environmentalism. Discusses geography's major traditions of the study of place, spatial organization, man-environment relationships, and the biophysical environment. Sees geography as a bridge between the social sciences/humanities and the physical/biological…

Attitudes with negative consequences abound in geography--e.g., prejudice of theoretical geographers against applied geographers, quantitative geographers against qualitative geographers. All geographers have something important to contribute and should work together to achieve mutual success. (RM)

This curriculum unit, intended to be used with elementary school students, provides information about a North African, Moslem, Arab, country: Morocco. The unit presents objectives, strategies, materials needed, background notes, evaluation methods, and assignments that fulfill National Social Studies Standards and National Geography standards. It…

This textbook is an attempt to present fundamental world relations and their simple derivatives in such form that they may be conceived as an entirety in a system of coordinated principles through geography and astronomy. Chapter I presents an introduction. Chapter II presents a psychological and a pedagogical view. Chapters III and IV present…

Part 3 of a three-part series; part 1 appeared in the April 1972 issue, part 2 in the August 1972 issue. (DS)

By way of change of pace, students are asked to use as many terms as possible in the construction of a puzzle pattern on a blank matrix. The instructor selects one pattern and completes it in the form of a crossword puzzle to be used at the end of the unit. An example is given from a weather and climate unit. (NH)

Describes a simulation to demonstrate the complex relationship between air temperature and relative humidity for college-level physical geography classes. (AM)

This article is intended to add to the debate on political geography by considering its relevance and application and by outlining ways in which it can contribute to an understanding of Canada's national unity problem. Information is presented on Canada and national unity, state viability, internal organization of the state, politics, electoral…