IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF STUDENT EMPLOYMENT ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE, A SURVEY WAS ADMINISTERED TO 1,429 NEW FRESHMEN DURING THE FALL SEMESTER, 1965. APTITUDE TEST SCORES AND GRADE POINT AVERAGES WERE COMPARED FOR NONWORKING STUDENTS AND FOR STUDENTS GROUPED INTO FIVE CLASSIFICATIONS ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF HOURS WORKED PER WEEK.…

The recent concern for basic writing abilities presumes that writing is the primary context in which one learns to "think," and that such thinking can be generalized to all other academic disciplines. Linguists may ask whether literacy has any effect on mental functioning. If literacy is defined as the ability to record what can be…

In a study of the role values may play in the achievement of black college students: (1) consensually validated definitions of values were obtained; (2) ability was measured using tests standardized on black college students; (3) values were measured with both rank order and rating scales; and (4) academic achievement data were collected. The…

RECENT STUDIES HAVE INDICATED THAT (1) COGNITIVE ABILITY, (2) AMOUNT AND KIND OF INFORMATION LEARNED TO DATE, AND (3) MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS ALL CONTRIBUTE TO THE INTELLECTUAL FUNCTIONING OF CULTURALLY DEPRIVED CHILDREN. THE PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO TEST THE EFFECT OF COGNITIVE ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS ON INTELLIGENCE TEST SCORES.…

This study examined the effects of mental ability upon problem-solving processes of individuals and dyads confronted by complex science problems. A 2 X 3 design was used, with two levels of grouping: individuals and dyads, and with three levels of mental ability: high (H), high plus low (HL), and low (L). The experimental problem was to solve the…

Researchers examined the first in-class essays and the final exam essays of 24 freshman writing students to determine the syntactic maturity these students gained during an eight-month period. Counting the words, T-units, clauses, and sentences for each of the 48 essays created data about mean words per T-unit, clauses per T-unit, words per…

The findings of this study were obtained by locating, in the post-preschool setting, 116 preschool graduates previously diagnosed as handicapped. Their past ability status, present ability and achievement status, and current demographic status were documented. These data were analyzed to determine the extent to which the benefits of the preschool…

This study examined the effects of varying degrees of situational definition on expectation states of third graders. The experiment was conducted in the spring and replicated in the fall. A total of 389 children in 12 third grade classrooms participated. The experimental conditions reflected three degrees of situational definition. In the…

The purpose of this study was to compare two systems of teaching basic college chemistry. Three regression equations were developed for predicting a student's total raw score on the various tests used. The covariates utilized were ACT composite scores and scores on the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal, given as a pre-test. There was no…

This study analyzed the 1974-75 freshmen academic scholarship recipients at Arkansas State University with respect to their academic potential (ACT scores and rank in high school senior class) and the size of high school from which they graduated. A further purpose was to determine the grade-point average that these students earned during the fall…

This report describes the Hofstra freshmen accepted for the fall 1973 semester, and focuses on those students who graduated at the top of their high school class. Approximately 28 percent (901) of the 3,210 applicants paid a $100 fee (shows), and it is likely that a majority of the "no shows" decided to attend other schools. The…

Experiment I was designed to demonstrate that young children fail to abstract the positive cue as the relevant stimulus event in a restricted concept-learning task. Sixteen kindergarten and 16 fourth grade subjects were trained to criterion on a Kendler-type task, whereupon each subject was presented a pair of new instances which contrasted only…

The purpose of this investigation was: (1) to determine whether the hypothesized properties of the Structure of Intellect Tests could be found to hold for college freshmen, and (2) to determine the relationship with two standardized marker tests. A total of ten Structure of Intellect Tests, the Cooperative Reading Comprehension Test, and the…

To evaluate course effectiveness, determine relationship to selected characteristics of success in the course and on the job, and provide answers to a number of educational questions, 16 occupational home economics classes providing training for dietary aides, nurses aides, and health careers were selected for study. Course effectiveness was…

Georg Rasch has developed a new one-parameter latent trait model to explain the performance of examinees on achievement tests. The model can be viewed as a special case of Birnbaum's two-parameter logistic model where all items are assumed to have equal discriminating power. Birnbaum's model permits items to vary in discriminating power. Both…