Using a modified reception paradigm, 64 normal and learning disabled children (mean age 11 years) were required to solve unidimensional, disjunctive, or conditional connectives under standard-attending or enforced-attending instructions. (Author)

Kahneman and Tversky's critique of Cohen's position on adults' probability reasoning is not valid. If they think Baconian logic is normatively unsound, the onus is on them to explain why. It is valid and useful because nature itself is full of causal processes. (Author/RD)

Investigated the ability of preschool and early grade school children to use logical search strategies to find a missing object on a familiar playground. Results indicated that children of all ages studied could deduce a critical search area and were not guided primarily by strong spatial associations. (Author/DB)

Literature is reviewed supporting the notion of translation as a logical operation (translatology), operating with a unit that differs from that used in linguistic theory. Based on the logeme or logical unit, the aim of systematic translatology is to clarify the translation operation, interpretation, and translation criticism. (PMJ)

A theory of the lay epistemic process is outlined. An integrative framework is provided that allows consideration of diverse attributional models in common theoretical terms and derivation of the necessary applicability conditions of different such models. (Author/RL)

Children aged 1 1/2 and 2 1/2 years observed events consisting of the removal of crucial support blocks from simple block structures. The child's anticipation ability was measured by the degree of surprise observed on certain trick trials in which concealed magnets prevented the expected collapse. (JMB)

Presents and discusses diagram showing that reading is one function of thinking; a person who is reading is thinking, while a person who is not thinking cannot be reading. (JM)

Investigated the development of scientific reasoning in the context of self-directed experimentation. Subjects were fifth and sixth graders and noncollege adults. Found that neither valid strategies nor correct beliefs alone was sufficient to guarantee success, suggesting that regarding experimentation either as domain-general induction or as…

A rule-plus-exception model (RULEX) of classification learning is proposed. According to RULEX, people learn to classify objects by forming simple logical rules and remembering occasional exceptions to these rules. Because the learning process is stochastic, people will vary in the rules formed and exceptions stored. (SLD)

Discusses "Quixote's visor," a rhetorical turn that conceals a logical gap, an appeal to frustration or necessity. Suggests that the form of Quixote's visor, the testing of a series of possibilities, is a way of deriving logical and rhetorical inferences in response to acts of questioning. Discusses two "cousins"--Sherlock's…

This article presents a profile of early career special educators' (n= 1,153) working conditions, induction support, and career plans using data from the Study of Personnel Needs in Special Education (SPeNSE). The majority of respondents are Caucasion and female, and 80% are certified for their main assignments. Most respondents reported receiving…

Children's immediate aggressive responding to exposure to marital conflict was examined. Participants were 108 families with 8- to 16-year-old children (53 boys, 55 girls), with diary records of children's reactions to marital conflict in the home completed by 103 mothers (n = 578 records) and 95 fathers (n = 377 records) during a 15-day period.…