The authors surveyed public libraries to learn about the opportunities for play they offered and children's freedom to engage in such play without adult supervision. The authors conclude that, in recent years, public libraries in the United States have increasingly created spaces and programs enabling free play for children and teens. These…

Emergent literacy skills including alphabetic knowledge, print knowledge, oral language, phonological awareness, and emergent writing are foundational for future reading development. Many children with ASD are at risk for future reading difficulties (e.g., Brown et al., 2013; McIntyre et al., 2018; Nation et al., 2006). To support the emergent…

This dissertation investigates the neural bases and development of displacement, which is a language property that allows us to communicate about situations outside the "here-and-now." One way to displace from our immediate environment is to project ourselves into the here-and-now point of an alternative actuality. Another form of…

In everyday interaction interlocutors use pragmatic co-speech gestures to cooperatively construct conversation. Shrugs, one of the most common pragmatic gestures, communicate a remarkable array of seemingly unrelated or even contradictory meanings--agreement and disagreement, ignorance and obviousness, interest and disinterest, among others.…

The goal of the study was to understand factors contributing to life satisfaction of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from the perspective of positive psychology. The challenges of parenting a child with ASD have been documented extensively, with these parents experiencing higher levels of stress, depression, and lower…

Objective: To compare the effect of a once-daily extended-release methylphenidate formulation (PRC-063) versus placebo on sleep, measured via daily electronic diary in two clinical trials in pediatric (6-12 years) and adult ([greater than or equal to]18 years) patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: A diary was…

In this discussion essay, characteristics of the provision of formal and non-formal education for refugee children in Greece will be explored through a comparative approach. The comparison reveals aspects of the social environments in the lives of refugee children. These will be examined through the lens of Uri Bronfenbrenner's (1979, 1986)…

This article explores child-authored texts, both real and fictional, and the adult discourse surrounding or commenting on such texts. It focuses on the example of young Marcel's writing in Proust's "In Search of Lost Time," and on the critical commentary on the juvenilia of child authors of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. I…

Risky play is defined as thrilling and challenging forms of play that have the potential for physical injury and has been linked to developmental and health benefits for children in the early years. Currently, in Western contexts, children's opportunities for risky play is decreasing. Social factors such as practitioner and parental attitudes and…

Young children's early repeating patterning abilities are important foundations for their later mathematical development. Prior studies on young children's repeating patterning abilities have been conducted exclusively in developed countries differing in economic, societal, and educational characteristics from developing countries. In this study,…

How do learners gather new information during word learning? One possibility is that learners selectively sample items that help them reduce uncertainty about new word meanings. In a series of cross-situational word learning tasks with adults and children, we manipulated the referential ambiguity of label-object pairs experienced during training…

Although the complexity of children's number learning is recognized, trade books about number have been treated as a simple, undifferentiated set. This analysis of 186 children's books, however, categorized a distinct subset of books about number as "counting books." These counting books were complex with regard to portrayal of counting…

Children with Down syndrome (DS) often exhibit delays in cognitive and linguistic development. In response to the increasing number of culturally and linguistically diverse populations with disabilities in the United States and need for evidence-based interventions with cultural adaptations, this study examined the effects of enhanced milieu…

Adopting a reading culture is a process that takes shape in family starting from the moment the child is born and school environment. The most critical phase of this process is the "preschool period." Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to construct a systematic intervention to create a reading culture in the preschool period.…

The COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to all the health, psychological, economic and other consequences it left, directly affected all levels of the education system in the world, including Bosnia and Herzegovina. Unlike other studies and courses studied at higher education institutions, the specificity of literature teaching is that in addition to…