Results of this examination of the information needs and gathering behavior of social scientists, especially historians, suggests that existing library and information services may be based on a misunderstanding of their needs. Factors that need to be studied are identified, and research models are suggested. (CLB)

Results of a study of disadvantaged primary school children which focused on effects of exposure to Logo, microcomputer social interaction, and children's expressed interest in computers, are discussed in context of relevant literature. It is concluded computer literacy should be primary goal at this level and computer equity is crucial. (MBR)

Considers the life stages of the Black extended family; research on the antecedents and consequences of extended family life; and social policy, clinical intervention, and family research implications of the Black extended family from the context of a broad conceptual and methodological definition of family. (HOD)

Two studies investigated robustness of the effect of precise elaborations on memory and relationship of these effects to metacognitions about learning. Sentences which were elaborated in different ways were read to subjects by experimenters to establish levels of meaningfulness and identify effects on performance. Comprehension and confidence…

In a study conducted to examine potential of two-way television as an instructional medium, classroom observation data were collected from 32 presentations--two-way television and conventional--by seven medical faculty to medical students. Results reveal similar instructional strategies regardless of presentation mode, and mixed reaction by…

This field study examined learning effects attributable to instructional design characteristics when eighth-grade science students used a print encyclopedia or a videotex version of the encyclopedia to write term papers. Results suggest that specific effects of instructional design characteristics of a delivery system are of a limited nature. (MBR)

Three adaptive models encompassing variations of instructional support, incentives, and context of presentations were developed and validated through eight separate studies which compared the teaching of statistics under computer-managed instruction or teacher-managed systems. Results indicate instructional support adaptations were effective, but…

This study compared achievement of students learning programing in pairs and individually and examined relationships between cognitive abilities, style, and demographics. No differences were found in programing outcomes, but mathematics and verbal ability best predicted individual setting outcomes, while nonverbal reasoning, spatial ability, and…

This study was designed both to determine if patrons are able to discern differences in library performance and to investigate relationships between patron evaluation and use of public libraries. Highlights include study procedures, instrumentation, data collection, results of data analyses, and interpretation of results. Eighteen references are…

Suggesting that the library catalog of the future should be an analytic catalog, this article reports that sample of books in a community college library showed that approximately 20% were collections or anthologies containing an average of 30 works each. Advantages and costs of analytical catalogs are considered. (6 references) (EJS)

A project that combined a research practicum for 17 psychology undergraduates with the implementation and evaluation of an assertiveness training program for physically disabled college students is described. A follow-up of students' postbaccalaureate activities revealed that the majority were using skills that they had learned in the project.…

This study investigated relationships among locus of control, instructional mode, and achievement for externally and internally oriented students taught by the same instructor using two different teaching methods. A definite relationship was found among the variables, and internally oriented students attained higher achievement levels where…

Discusses methodology and results of a study which uses the distinction between deep-level and surface-level approach, to examine the way first-year psychology students tackle studying of a text, and extent to which these study strategies are related to student views on learning conceptions and the quality of learning outcome. (MBR)

Data collected from 30 East Los Angeles Mexican American mothers, using semistructured interviews, indicated that family related variables distinguish families of gang members from control families. Youths in gangs are more likely to come from families which put less emphasis on intrafamilial socialization, youth supervision, and outward…

Urges that the impact of race on achievement motivation be reinvestigated, especially the tendency for ethnocentric beliefs in this area to lead to a culture-specific definition. Reviews the literature on comparative studies of Black and White motivation and suggests new research directions. (RDN)