Many academic examinations exhibit sex differences in terms of entry figures and pass rates. This fact is illustrated by a selection of statistics from the British GCE "O" level examination results for June 1976. These results are discussed in terms of three possible causes: innate differences in intellectual functioning, sex role…

The Bimodal Instruction Program (BIP) designed to unify efforts of teachers and speech clinicians as co-workers in classrooms to improve the speech and language of educable mentally retarded children, has been conducted with 85 Ss in two elementary schools and a university workshop. (LS)

Research supported by OEC-5-10-297 and by National Science Foundation Grant No. GP-5114.

The data collected from the in-school and three follow-up surveys of the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972 have been merged and processed. Results are being presented in a series of reports designed to highlight selected findings in educational, career, and occupational development. This report focuses on students who…

This is a continuation of a previous study in which a new method of estimating the operating characteristics of discrete item responses based upon an Old Test, which has a non-constant test information function, was tested upon each of two subtests of the original Old Test, Subtests 1 and 2. The results turned out to be quite successful. In the…

This study, part of a larger project called "Project Competence," explored the relationship between two aspects of social-cognitive ability (interpersonal awareness and social problem-solving) and three aspects of manifest competence in children (social, behavioral, and academic). In a series of hierarchical multiple regressions, social-…

Literature on cognition and learning in young adults is surveyed. First, an outline of a theory of the cognition-learning system is presented, reviewing the characteristics of each of the major components of the system. Particular attention is paid to the differences between young adults and other age groups in information processing skills.…

Motivational psychology and test theory are compared in this discussion, which focuses on distinguishing the effects of motivation and of ability on test performance and educational achievement. Recent theory in achievement motivation considers the motivational significance of future goals as they affect present activities that are instrumental in…

The appropriateness of the use of the standardized residual (SR) to assess congruence between sample test item responses and the one parameter latent trait (Rasch) item characteristic curve is investigated. Latent trait theory is reviewed, as well as theory of the SR, the apparent error in calculating the expected distribution of the SR, and…

THE MAJOR FACTORS AFFECTING THE CHOICE OF SCIENCE AS A CAREER WERE EXAMINED FROM ELEMENTARY SCHOOL THROUGH 4 YEARS BEYOND COLLEGE. DIMENSIONS OF INDIVIDUAL PERSONALITY AND OF ENVIRONMENT WERE INCLUDED AS STUDY ELEMENTS. THE EMPHASIS ON THE OCCUPATIONAL CHOICE PROCESS NECESSITATED A CONCENTRATION ON PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT, INCLUDING THE SUBFACTOR…

FOR THE PURPOSES OF THIS STUDY, "AVERAGE" STUDENTS WERE DEFINED AS THOSE WHOSE COLLEGE APTITUDE TEST PERCENTILE RANKINGS WERE BETWEEN 40 AND 60 AND WHOSE INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENTS WERE BETWEEN 90 AND 110. OF THE ENTRANTS AT THE COLLEGE ON THE SEQUOIAS BETWEEN 1953 AND 1962, STUDENTS OF AVERAGE ABILITY HAD THE SAME OPPORTUNITY AS THE ABOVE…

BECAUSE OF DECREASING ENGINEERING ENROLLMENTS AND INCREASING ATTRITION RATES, FACTORS RELATED TO PERSISTENCE OR CHANGE IN MAJOR FIELD BY ACADEMICALLY PROFICIENT STUDENTS WERE STUDIED. THE SAMPLE, COMPOSED OF MALE STUDENTS ENTERING AS FRESHMEN AT THREE MIDWESTERN UNIVERSITIES, WAS SUBSEQUENTLY IDENTIFIED AS PERSISTERS OR NON-PERSISTERS.…

RESULTS ARE REPORTED FOR THE FIRST PHASE OF A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF APPROXIMATELY 1,600 STUDENTS SEEKING TO TRANSFER IN 1964 FROM SEVEN PUBLIC AND EIGHT PRIVATE JUNIOR COLLEGES. WHILE A 2-YEAR PATTERN OF EDUCATION IS MOST COMMON, ONE-THIRD OF THE STUDENTS SURVEYED ARE SEEKING EARLIER TRANSFER. OVER 90 PERCENT PROPOSE TO TRANSFER TO A SENIOR PUBLIC…