Presents reasons therapist should be included as random design factor in nested analysis of (co)variance (AN[C]OVA) design used in psychotherapy research. Reviews studies which indicate majority of investigators ignore issue of effects from incorrect specification of ANOVA design. Presents reanalysis of data from 10 psychotherapy outcome studies…

Explored the interactive effects of three major variables affecting message acceptance: (1) source credibility; (2) degree of recipient involvement; and (3) locus of control. Canadian students (381) evaluated a political party's views and credibility. Found credibility had an impact on message acceptance and externally controlled recipients were…

Discusses why agentic and idiographic approaches (in combination with more typical nomothetic, nonagentic studies) may enhance the predictive accuracy of psychological experiments. Presents study on exercise behavior of 42 college student subjects and analyzes it from 3 perspectives: nonagentic-nomothetic, nonagentic-idiographic, and…

Reviews research on language-learning styles and strategies, and explains regularities in the preferred learning strategies associated with each of the 8 psychological type preferences. Also described are how all of these characteristics of psychological type, in various combinations, were expressed by 20 real learners at the Foreign Service…

Reviews studies investigating the relation between personality characteristics and human-computer interaction. The review is divided into three areas: (1) how personality traits are related to programing aptitude and achievement; (2) personality traits of people who use program skills in their profession; and (3) the relation between personality…

Investigated features of the classroom- and school-level psychological learning environments in some secondary schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. It was found that age of a school has no effect on classroom- and school-level psychosocial learning environments. The presumed superiority of old schools over new schools in the provision of favorable…

Explores relations between political orientation and cognitive style among Israeli university students. Finds that intolerance of ambiguity contributed significantly to political orientation and that the political Left showed more complex cognitive styles than the Right. Notes implications for testing competing hypotheses about cognitive style and…

Compares various base-rate procedures with statistical-significance testing approach used by psychologists. Nonlinear multivariate method is used to determine whether children with a learning disability or emotional disturbance are more likely to show unusual subtest patterns than are children from the normative sample of Wechsler Intelligence…

Aims to delimit the possible individual differences in feelings of difficulty experienced in relation to mathematics. Shows that feelings of difficulty form their own system, mainly influenced by performance and cognitive ability; also, gender interacts with personal and task characteristics. Discusses educational implications of these results.…

Compares justifications for aggression and withdrawal in Finnish and Estonian adolescents. Evaluates responses given in a questionnaire asking participants to justify problem-solving strategies for two social problems. Concludes aggression may be perceived as more deviant in Finland. Finnish motivation for withdrawal is escaping harm, while…

Focuses on the integrity and ethics of Arthur Jensen, while tracing the negative reactions his work on genetic differences in intelligence has evoked. Outlines some other areas in which Jensen has worked and commends his emphasis on honest psychological science. (SLD)

Group of sexually abused substance abusers scored higher than non-abused group on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Alexithymia symptomatology was found to be positively related to the duration of the sexual abuse. Results were interpreted as indicating that the development of symptoms may represent another defense victims employ to insulate…

Studies the association between loneliness and cognitive and social strategies that young people employ in social situations. Finds that low self-esteem is associated with subsequent feelings of loneliness, strategies of avoidance are associated with the development of loneliness, men and women benefit from different strategies, and self-esteem is…

Participants from a fitness club were randomly assigned to control (n=50), placebo (n=50), and stimulus control (n=100) groups to study the isolated effects of stimulus control on attendance. Control stimulus group was given "exercise" key chains as the stimulus control. Stimulus control by itself was not an effective intervention for…

Investigates whether science is biased against ethnic minority research, noting the lack of psychological research on ethnic minorities and discussing how to promote quality research. Examines ethnic research, the philosophy of science, and selective enforcement of scientific research principles, noting the consequences of selective enforcement.…