Social scientists and educators who favor the developmental approach to values acquisition focus on the individual and his or her own psychological growth as the means to acquiring a healthy set of values. On the other hand, those who favor the transmission approach to values acquisition focus on the instillation of societal and group norms in the…

What differentiates nonviolent individuals from violent individuals? This paper addresses the question by linking current psychological literature on human values with literature on nonviolence. Recent contributions to values theory have begun to establish a universal structure of human values. The theoretical case is made that nonviolent…

Peace education research typically is designed to evaluate the effects of a single lesson or a group of lessons (unit) on some attitudinal or learning outcomes. The current research was designed to evaluate a set of procedures for identifying a mix of peace education lessons that desirably impact on students. Three curriculum consultants were…

Defining metacognition as the set of skills and strategies one uses in monitoring and modifying how one learns, this paper addresses ways in which interactive hypermedia/multimedia instructional programs might enhance the meta-cognitive abilities of the learners who use them. It begins by identifying key issues and approaches to metacognition,…

This set of papers was originally developed for a conference on Issues and Directions in Mathematics Problem Solving Research held at Indiana University in May 1981. The purpose is to contribute to the clear formulation of the key issues in mathematical problem-solving research by presenting the ideas of actively involved researchers. An…

Presents descriptive and analytic data about tolerance for civil liberties and dissent among the American public, asserting that support for free speech and dissent in concrete situations is more limited than support for abstract principles--a gap explained in terms of dynamics of threat, value conflict, cognitive dissociation, and socialization…

Examines the effects of work experience on attitudes and behaviors in the area of civil liberties; (1) noting that hierarchical structure, rigidity and specialization seem to generate negative effect toward civil libertarian concerns, and (2) proposing a theoretical model designed to predict the conditions under which work experience may be…

This review of the empirical literature reveals that violence is vastly over predicted, regardless of who is doing the predicting or how the predictions are made-yet much current social policy in the areas of mental health and criminal justice assumes that psychologists and psychiatrists can accurately predict who will be physically violent.…

The authors of "Differential Validity: Ethnic Group as a Moderator in Predicting Job Performance" (EJ 100 533) replied to criticism of their article by Wayne K. Kirchner (AA 521 804). (RK)

A research study evaluated the possible sex differences between males and females on job outcome importance as a function of occupational level. (RK)

Differences in black student and white student perceptions of university climate were examined at an integrated university. The results indicate blacks perceived the climate more negatively. (Author/DE)

The authors present a theoretical framework for designing training programs for the hard to employ that takes cultural variables into account. Studies employing this framework are reviewed. (Author/DE)

The authors' primary focus is on recent psychological research in vocational motivation and its contribution to the design and implementation of company personnel development programs emphasizing counseling and career growth. (EA)

This study investigated the relationship between young adult's retrospective accounts of the behavior of their parents and the presence of appropriate/inappropriate sex-role typing and high/low degree of socialization. (Author/RK)

All distinctions between types of real-life and classroom situations are only tricks. (JH)