A 16-item conditional reasoning test was given to 281 students in grades 8, 10, 12, and 14. Developmental patterns of performance were examined. (Author/JMB)

Reports a study to determine whether the level of logical thinking, as indicated by performance on a task requiring control of variables, of a group of low SES urban students could be increased through a series of instructional exercises carried out under ordinary classroom conditions. (Author/CP)

Retarded and borderline intelligence adolescents (MA 8-12 years) and nonretarded children (MA 6-12 years) were given logical problem solving tasks. Results showed a profound deficiency in low IQ individuals on certain tasks requiring foresight and logic; MA markedly overestimates the performance of these individuals relative to the performance of…

Presents a collection of four case studies designed to help elementary students analyze situations where a wrong has occurred and offer recommendations for corrective justice. (JDH)

To improve problem-solving skills of learning-disabled students, five attributes of problem solution are outlined: the solution's permanence, starting time, length of time required, ease of implementation, and creation of additional problems. Based on these attributes, a structured method for rating and choosing solutions to personal or social…

To more carefully define the nature of thinking in social studies, this article examines shared features and teaching procedures of three alternative approaches to instruction for thinking: reflective thinking, inquiry, and critical thinking. Discusses the emerging field of cognitive science and draws implications for improving traditional…

Provides a lesson plan and student handouts for examining the question of whether Shays's Rebellion was an important cause of the United States Constitution. (JDH)

Reports the use of a memory load-interference paradigm and the easy-to-hard paradigm as converging operations to study capacity limitations in five- to six-year-old's reasoning. Concludes that transitive inference ability in children is capacity limited. (HOD)

Investigates the relationship between class inclusion and reasoning in 56 Dutch Children between 6 and 14 years of age. Concludes that when the children failed to respond correctly to questions about the validity of syllogisms, they did so because they lacked sufficient understanding of the premises. (HOD)

Indicates how the philosophic technique known as "thought experimentation" can be used profitably by composition teachers. Provides two examples. (EL)

Undergraduates were given complex figural analogies items, and eye movements were observed under three types of feedback: (1) elaborate feedback; (2) subjects verbalized their thinking and application of rules; and (3) no feedback. Both feedback conditions enhanced the rule-governed information processing during inductive reasoning. (Author/GDC)

Nine- to 18-month-old infants were presented with simple two-location manual search tasks involving invisible displacements of objects with sequence of displacements occurring before infants search. Results provided insights into age differences associated with development of logical search strategies, information-processing skills, and temporal…

Mathematics textbooks should encourage students to understand--as well as to memorize--problem-solving processes, to think about the reasonableness of an answer, and to "see" mathematics through real-life applications. Eight questions are given which can help schools determine whether a textbook truly emphasizes problem-solving. (PP)

The question of how children represent and use comparative or partially ordered information is examined. Two experiments tested a conjecture that a common representation, a linear order, underlies the processing of all comparatives. (Author/MS)

This paper discusses logic puzzles, often used with students in the mathematics classroom, in the context of foreign language education, highlighting them as tools for individual or class practice in a problem-based learning environment that combines challenges and entertainment. Benefits of logic puzzles in the foreign language classroom include…