Repeated observations of a colored form results in slower reaction-time responses to the familiarized stimulus than to a comparable novel stimulus due to alertness decrement and encoding facilitation. This two-factor theory of repetition was found to hold for words as well as for colors. (Author/BW)

Five experiments are reported concerning the effect on visual information processing of concurrently maintaining verbal information. The results suggest that the left cerebral hemisphere functions as a typical limited-capacity information processing system that can be influenced somewhat separately from the right hemisphere system. (Author/CTM)

Presents results of two experiments which measured contrast sensitivity function in infants. Information concerning development of visual acuity, low frequency attenuation, and sensitivity to contrast were collected. Results provide an approximate picture of and means for detection of infants' pattern information. (Author/DB)

This research reexamined the hypothesis that recognition is a developmentally stable component of the memory system. Recognition performance was compared across age groups. Particular attention was paid to the role of response biases and perceptual skills in developmental increases in recognition performance. (Author/DB)

Tests the effects of stimulus variability on overgeneralization and overdiscrimination errors in children and adults. The subjects (n=64), adults and five-, seven-, and nine-year-old children, participated in a visual discrimination task. (CM)

In Experiment I, 24 preschoolers were tested on left-right, vertical-horizontal, and mirror-image oblique discriminations under essentially context-free conditions. Experiment II contrasted children's performance under context-free conditions with their ability to discriminate orientation in the presence of external visual cues. (RH)

This paper makes a start in the search for a fair test of prelingually deaf children's short-term visual memory ability by exploring the coding problems presented to them by the traditional digit-span test. It suggests that more research be devoted to the problem of stimulus-response compatibility. (Suthor/SJL)

This study investigated whether object-picture discrepancy occurs because preschool children regard pictures as significates rather than as signifiers. Results indicated the children did not consistently respond to objects and their pictorial representations equivalently. (Author/DB)

Results indicated that four-year-old children who viewed a television program did not demonstrate greater haptic ability to recognize and categorize shapes than did children not exposed to the program. Results also suggested that children's TV does not facilitate concrete operational thinking in shape recognition for preschoolers. (Author/DB)

No age differences were found in recall accuracy, types of errors, or introspective reports describing perceived recall strategies. Subjects were 8-, 12-, and 21-year-olds. These findings suggest even the eight-year-olds were able to employ a visual code and to retain it for several seconds in a situation in which incentive to do so was provided.…

Results indicated the following: unitary stimuli were easier to encode; partitioned stimuli were easier to recode; recoding was much more difficult than encoding; extended training improved performance; second graders were slightly better at encoding and much better at recoding than were kindergarten children. (Author/DB)

Proposes an alternative to Milgram's overload model of urban behavior. Suggests that intense, complex and/or novel stimuli may lead to positive as well as negative effects, and that this may vary across persons or over time. Presents data that confirm the importance of urban complexity as an organizing variable. (Author/GC)

The author suggests ways in which teachers can modify existing media to meet the needs of hearing impaired students in English and science activities. The development of a mediated program using visual stimuli directions is also described. (CL)

The study of how signs convey meaning is applied to photographs, which are deemed the ideal vehicle for intercultural communication because of their realistic nature. Several classes of signs are identified and their meanings discussed. (JEG)

Using a visual conditional stimulus and an auditory unconditional stimulus in a trace procedure, the heart rate conditioning of 16 infants ranging in age from two to seven months was evaluated. (MP)