Begins with a discussion of the purposes served by ethical codes and reviews three patterns of implicit assumptions: examples of implicit cultural bias, examples of cultural encapsulation, and examples favoring the dominant culture. Discusses positive recommendations for developing more inclusionary ethical guidelines, using case examples. (RJM)

Presents a symposium on the impact of computers on culture. Argues that the computer has mathematized culture and that widespread risk aversion has been generated everywhere. Finds that the ways in which communication technologies are used in social contexts is a topic of concern to communication scholars. (PA)

Studies Flora Annie Steel, an uneducated woman who nonetheless became an Inspector of Female Schools in Punjab, India, in 1884. Focuses on her reports within the context of British imperialism and late 19th-century report conventions. Concludes that cultural expectations for women in imperialism influenced Steel's response to the genre; and the…

States that the periodic engineering report (a fixture of engineering classrooms and engineering practice) can become a source of conflict when North American engineers collaborate with colleagues abroad. Relates experiences of a writing consultant on such a project. Finds differences in tone and reader expectations caused misunderstandings. Uses…

Focuses on the female characters that mark Brazilian literature to elaborate a study about the condition of women, which is expressed by those characters' reading behavior. (PA)

Naturalistic observations and interviews with service workers found on-the-job reading was based on knowledge of codes and rules of practice and required problem-solving and metacognitive strategies. Workplace competencies should be considered within their social and cultural context. (SK)

Explores the vocation of adult education theory through the construct of community as relationship. Examines two dimensions of the construct: discourse and culture. Considers the role and positionality of adult educators and the situated nature of adult learning. (SK)

Discusses the role of management education in the context of the continuing economic reforms occurring in the People's Republic of China, particularly its importance for state-owned and foreign-invested enterprises. Uses a multiple perspectives model to draw some conclusions for management teaching priorities. (EV)

Discusses the new quality movement in East European higher education following the political changes of the last decade. Explores the importance of context in definitions of quality and its absence in the region's discourse on meeting international quality standards. (EV)

Explores the effects of three elements of the competitive situation (competitive set, competitive outcome, and interpersonal context) on intrinsic motivation in a sample of college students (n=100). Competitive outcome and interpersonal context affected intrinsic motivation: winning increased intrinsic motivation, while pressured interpersonal…

Assesses the moral reasoning of Hawaiian youths. Findings challenge C. Gilligan's theoretical proposition that gender differences exist in moral development. Implications for counseling theory, research, and practice are discussed. (Author)

Argues that the traditional basis for selection of objects for ethnographic study is unsystematic and largely intuitive. The solution is to ground the selection aspect of ethnographic practice in either universal pragmatics or conversational structure. (Contains 70 references) (JP)

Explains that in the study of law, postmodernism's interpretive turn has given rise to a wealth of scholarship analyzing the relationship of law's rhetoric to its social, cultural, and political contexts. Argues that legal writing professors must learn to grow beyond their narrow conception of rhetoric to help students become adept at the…

Discusses how the talking drum has been a viable cultural voice for many West and Central African cultures in the acquisition of literacy. Emphasizes musical character of tonal languages and the use of the talking drum for literacy purposes. Proposes research questions regarding function and use of music and language; describes role of the talking…

The Community Land Use and Economics Simulation was tested in a U.S. and a Slovak university. Cultural differences in players' approaches appeared: the competitive aspects came more naturally to U.S. players; resource inequities, planning, and visioning were addressed differently. Materials developed for use in cross-cultural contexts should have…