This research assessed the reliability and validity of the Purpose in Life test in an inmate population, investigated the relationship between the PIL test and attitudes, locus of control, personality factors, and several demographic variables, and compared the PIL scores of inmates with scores of normal samples. (Author/RK)

Describes experiments and studies which investigated perception and image interpretation on different cognitive levels. Subjects were asked to name, describe, index, and assess image contents; write legends; create images; complete stories; illustrate stories; and produce informative materials. Results confirmed the theory of a dual stage…

Traits attributed to deaf people may not reflect their true characteristics, but the paternalistic posture of hearing experts. The attributions reveal paternalistic universals, paternalistic parallax, paternalistic ethnocentrism, and economic self-interest. Research flaws in test administration, test language, and test scoring are identified.…

When an older person confronts vision loss, the perceptual categories of space and time are disrupted. This forces newly blind older persons to question their ability to manipulate their environment and participate in social relationships. It makes them vulnerable to self-imposed tentativeness and externally generated labels of incompetence.…

Presents 257 abridged abstracts of articles from volumes 1-15 of "Instructional Science," an international interdisciplinary journal that deals with the nature, theory, and practice of the instructional process and the learning that follows. (LRW)

Contends that the addition of the microcomputer as a learning tool may enhance student learning and increase teacher effectiveness using the direct instruction approach. Discusses patterns associated with teacher effectiveness, practical application of the direct instruction model, and the incorporation of computer assisted instruction into a…

The effects of mediated Logo programing instruction on preschoolers' comprehension monitoring performances were compared with a control group which received computer instruction via games designed to foster academic skills. Changes in self-monitoring were measured on verbal and nonverbal monitoring indexes during a referential communication task…

The following trends in psychology, and their implications for the future of the profession, are discussed: (1) changes in the specialization of new doctoral recipients; (2) the decline in quality of doctoral training; (3) women and minority participation; (4) changing employment patterns; and (5) composition of the American Psychological…

A study of correlations between analogical reasoning and Logo programming mastery among female high school students related the results of pretests of analogical reasoning to posttests of programming mastery. A significant correlation was found between analogical reasoning and the ability to write subprocedures for use in several different…

This study used the Stages of Concern Questionnaire to investigate concerns of elementary and secondary school teachers at the onset of the process of implementing microcomputers in their schools. Results are discussed in terms of gender and teaching grade level differences, and the design of effective inservice education. (MBR)

A study was conducted to establish an equation for predicting group embedded figures test (GEFT) scores using Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills (CTBS) scores for reading and social studies, grade point averages, socioeconomic status, and student attitudes as predictor variables, and to determine correlation between these variables and the GEFT.…

Describes a study of the impact of different feedback types on secondary school students in which treatment groups received either corrective or noncorrective feedback. Results indicate no significant difference between the groups' posttest scores, but when groups were redefined by gender, girls receiving noncorrective feedback scored lower than…

To estimate the relative effects of three types and three combinations of feedback on children's discrimination learning, a meta-analysis was performed on the findings of 89 studies. In general, reward compared to punishment or to reward plus punishment is the least efficient method of feedback for teaching children discrimination materials.…

Psychology departments should increase their efforts to develop separate courses on the psychology of women as a catalyst to mobilize resources for the more difficult task of mainstreaming research on this topic into the rest of the curriculum. Resources useful for developing a psychology of women course are described. (Author/RM)

This paper reviews some of the maturational events that are applicable in studying psychological effects of pubertal status and timing. Nine changes are reviewed (bone, height, weight, body fat, breast, body hair, penile, testicular, and menarcheal changes) in terms of measurement techniques, psychometric properties, and intercorrelations with…