Discusses the theory and research underlying the use of realistic and compressed images or representational images developed from 1950-80 using print, slides, and film media. Topics include the theories of visual realism, visual realism and instruction, and the foundations of visual compression. (20 references) (KRN)

Tests the validity of the Affect Balance Scale test (ABS) using a sample of 380 undergraduates at Oklahoma State University. Finds students' answers reflect duality of feelings. Concludes researchers must be cautious in their choice of scales comparing psychological well-being over the life course. (NL)

Examines perceptions of adults compared with preschool children in assuming object permanence or discontinuity of existence when an object is removed from their immediate perceptual field. Results showed that a belief in the possibility of the discontinuity of material objects is not unique to the minds of preschool children but can also be…

Reports on graduate students' responses to the applications and outcomes of Rogerian small-group and Tavistock Group Dynamics training. Respondents reported no loss of learning gains over time, ascribed the application of many specific counseling skills to small-group training process, and provided only minimal evidence of forms of psychological…

Studies the development of self-regulation in school-aged children's help-seeking behavior within a Vygotskian framework. Hypothesizes that studying two age groups would allow definition of two levels of capacity for self-regulation. Shows that the level of self-regulation depends on both age and academic achievement, with older, high-achieving…

Reviews the chronometric research conducted by Arthur Jensen and what it has done to support the idea of a correlation between various composite reaction-time variables and IQ tests. Discusses the importance of Jensen's work in the exploration of general intelligence. (SLD)

Presents an interview with Theodore R. Sarbin, a Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of California, Santa Cruz. Focuses on his work with narrative psychology and role theory, how he developed his research interests, and his book entitled "Believed-In Imaginings: The Narrative Construction of Reality." (CMK)

Discusses an experiment with concurrent enrollment in a remedial English class and a psychology class required by nursing majors. Reports that two teachers targeted 10 strategies that would lead to success in the psychology class, and that final grades seemed to indicate that reinforcement of English strategies in the content course helped…

Reviews psychological research on learning by doing, noting the role that learning-by-doing can play in education and training. Discusses how one University of Pittsburgh professor/researcher and his colleagues and students implemented this approach and describes lessons learned from the experience, explaining how improved forms of…

Research on minimal groups demonstrates that arbitrarily creating 2 groups leads to the development of in-group favoritism. Experiments using the minimal groups paradigm show students how easily in-group biases can be created simply by categorizing others. This article describes an in-class activity that demonstrates the power of categorization.…

Verbal and behavioral measures of children's knowledge are frequently dissociated. These situations represent a largely untapped but important resource for furthering an understanding of human cognition. In this paper, verbal-behavioral dissociations in children are discussed and analyzed, drawing from a wide range of domains. The article explores…

Findings about the influence of coping on psychological adjustment in children with different medical conditions are inconsistent and often based on cross-sectional data. This prospective study evaluated the effect of various coping strategies on children's post-traumatic stress symptoms and behavioral problems 1 month and 1 year after an…

This study compares the ability of the multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) confirmatory factor analysis model to correctly identify cases of differential item functioning (DIF) with more established methods. Although the MIMIC model might have application in identifying DIF for multiple grouping variables, there has been little…

Over 2 consecutive years, parents and their adolescent children from 199 poor families in Hong Kong responded to the Chinese Perceived Causes of Poverty Scale, which assesses beliefs about the causes of poverty. The author abstracted 4 factors from the scale. Analyses showed that these factors (personal problems, exploitation, lack of opportunity,…

It has recently been determined that generating an explanatory hypothesis to explain a discrepant event is important for students' conceptual change. The purpose of this study is to investigate how students' generate new explanatory hypotheses. To achieve this goal, questions are used to identify students prior ideas related to electromagnetic…