The issue of maintenance of changes in behavior produced by token programs is unquestionably important. This paper raises methodological considerations relating to the evaluation of such maintenance and offers suggestions for appropriate methodology. (Author)

Administrative problems that have been solved or accepted during eight years of early immersion programs are discussed including choosing locations, staffing, costs, logistics, and the need for suitable pupil progress reporting. (JMF)

Discusses improvements since the early 1970s in roof construction and advises an inspection program for existing roofs. (MLF)

Argues for the inclusion of Anglo Americans in bilingual, multicultural education programs. (AM)

Examines the Syracuse School District's custodial staff's efforts to simultaneously increase revenue, lower costs, and create a more healthful school environment. Tips for successfully transforming the custodial department from old to modern, efficient methods are highlighted. (GR)

Tucson (Arizona) Unified School District involved its entire work force in generating cost-saving maintenance strategies. Savings were made in carpenter and mower repair shops, evening programs, property control, grounds maintenance, custodial operations, food services, utilities, and rental space agreements. Replacing outdated equipment and…

Music educators with little experience in Aboriginal culture have trouble teaching Aboriginal music in schools. Indigenous music activity in the Kimberley region of Western Australia illustrates four contexts in which Indigenous music could be studied: local versus national Indigenous music, and Indigenous music in relation to history, place, and…

"Connect" is an approach to family literacy in Scotland that recognizes that people have different literacies used in different life domains. It values home and community literacies and challenges the deficit perspective and dominant cultural and ideological patterns. (SK)

A method for measuring attrition of communicative competence is introduced and illustrated using data from spontaneous multiperson conversations of Spanish L-3 subjects from Ghana. The method involves creation of a multifactor index using defined temporal variables, frequency counts of selected verbal behaviors, and grammatical information, and…

Asserts that facility managers need continual education in many subjects to keep their campuses in excellent condition, highlighting four areas related to landscaping and maintenance: landscaping care; athletic field care; grounds care; and equipment care. Lists of relevant professional organizations are included. (SM)

Examined graduating medical students' perceptions of the adequacy of instruction in managed care. Found that a majority felt they had not received adequate instruction in managed care, with responses suggesting that students defined managed care in terms of managing costs. (EV)

The Ohio University Kennedy Museum of Art has a collection of textiles depicting the religious icons of Navajo sandpaintings, which are used in healing ceremonies. Controversy within the Navajo Nation regarding the appropriateness of displaying sacred images resulted in museum-tribal consultation and cooperation concerning appropriate exhibition…

Investigated whether a mailed health promotion program would reduce outpatient visits while improving health status among people with chronic conditions and high visit rates in a managed care organization. Surveys of treatment and control groups before and 1 year after randomization indicated that the program reduced visit rates while improving…

Four stutterers, aged 3-5, received treatment based on parent-administered, operant verbal stimulation. Data show that the intervention, coupled with a programed maintenance schedule, reduced stuttering and accompanied increases in syllable output. Findings suggest that cases of early stuttering might be managed effectively by parents, with…

This review analyzes the origin and maintenance of self-injurious behavior, focusing on the areas of operant contingencies, sensory contingencies, and/or biological variables. It discusses definitions, prevalence, and etiology. A hypothesis is forwarded which includes components from both the operant and biological domains to explain the origin of…