Groups of extrovert, ambivert, and introvert children, aged 8, saw pictures with a taped commentary about each. On an immediate recall test, extroverts recalled most if given the commentary before the picture, introverts did best when the picture came first, and ambiverts performed similarly in both conditions. (Author/SJL)

A comparison of parental descriptions revealed that mothers of developmentally delayed children listed fewer deviant behaviors than did mothers of behaviorally disturbed children, but significantly more than mothers of nonclinic children. The Washington Symptom Checklist, used in this research, proved a useful clinical tool. (Author/SS)

This study suggests that brief group treatment is not a generally applicable device for managing students or for conserving staff time. (MB)

Reexamines Yoruba children from educated and traditional families after five years, finding that those growing up in a privileged environment showed increasingly superior mental scores. (Author/JM)

Identifies instances where different treatments are given men and women and women get inferior therapy. Also notes times when similar treatments are given men and women but in a way appropriate only for males. Discusses both sex between patients and therapists and "the possible imposition of sex role stereotypes on females by their therapists."…

This introductory article analyzes the challenges facing researchers as they respond to the ideas that guide family-centered services and incorporate these themes into research focused on improving services for children with emotional, behavioral, or mental disorders. The fit between traditional mental health research and family centered services…

Examines prominent theoretical models and assumptions about contextual factors that drive acculturation measures, which are used widely in educational research with Hispanics and other minorities. Uses Hispanic acculturation measures, particularly the Bidimensional Acculturation Scale for Hispanics and the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican…

Examined the effect of nonstereotyped, same-sex role models on the self-esteem of children in grade three. Results from 346 multiethnic students show both girls' and boys' self-esteem increasing more with same-sex role models than with the other-sex role models. Girls responded better to a male role model than boys with a female role model. (GR)

Reflects on how the author has contributed to improving social policy through research by asking good questions, using best methods, and seeing and taking advantage of opportunities. Specifically describes her research, especially relating to children and poverty, and focuses on the designing of research to inform social policy. (SD)

Surveys current research on causes and treatment of autism. Identifies features of autism and outlines causal theories and related treatments. Analyzes problems with the different approaches to causes of autism. Suggests the multiplicity of approaches implies lack of success in any one area. Contends behavior modification provides best results and…

Examines the sex-role socialization theory showing women less likely to cheat. Presents findings of a 1984 study, involving 165 college students, that examined the relationship between excuse making and actual cheating. Reports women were significantly more likely to make excuses before cheating. Suggests excuse making deflects restraining…

Tests how perceived self-efficacy influenced cognitive task performance among 64 Canadian college students. Shows students with high perceptions of self-efficacy, induced by positive feedback, completed more problems, had more efficient problem-solving strategies, and accurately self-evaluated responses. Illustrates self-efficacy's context…

Explores teachers' conceptions of the meaning of history. Contends that teachers' conceptions of history tend to place them in one of five typologies: storyteller, scientific historian, relativist/reformer, cosmic philosopher, or eclectic. Finds that these conceptions are related to teacher background, teacher belief, and teacher knowledge.…

Examines gender stereotyping and the use of alcohol. Analyzes responses of 70 female and 46 male college students to a social stereotyping study derived from the Bem Social Roles ventory. Finds that expectations regarding beer drinking and getting drunk are aspects of traditional male gender role. (FMW)

The objective of the study was to define psychological health from the individual perspectives of African-American women and men of different age groups, and to develop a global definition for all African-Americans. The findings suggest that characteristics of psychological health may be the same across race, although specific interpretations and…