Purpose: To examine age-related differences in auditory speech recognition and visual text recognition performance for parallel sets of stimulus materials in the auditory and visual modalities. In addition, the effects of variation in rate of presentation of stimuli in each modality were investigated in each age group. Method: A mixed-model design…

The purpose of this paper was to explore the concept of interest, one of the critical positive emotions in learning contexts and to investigate the effects of different types of visual illustrations on learning interest, achievement, and motivation in multimedia learning. The concept of interest was explored in light of positive emotion; an…

This paper summarizes the results of a review of the empirical literature (1990-2005) focusing on use of assistive technology as a self-management tool for persons with intellectual disabilities. Forty investigations were identified which provided information on assistive technology to assist persons with disabilities to initiate and complete…

Quality of life and self-determination are important values in the field of intellectual disabilities however they may be difficult to facilitate with persons who have limited communication skills. In fact, many studies provide evidence that these persons have less opportunity to make choices and express their preferences. To help practitioners…

A recent proposal suggests that dyslexic individuals suffer from attentional deficiencies, which impair the ability to selectively process incoming visual information. To investigate this possibility, we employed a spatial cueing procedure in conjunction with a single fixation visual search task measuring thresholds for discriminating the…

Practical technical information and procedures for display are given in this book. An implicit theme recognizes school environments as distinct socio-cultural contexts in which children learn and develop. This environment should provide comfortable private and public places that recognize the complex social needs of students and teachers. Patterns…

Public information campaigns serve a primary role in contemporary American society to promote more active citizen involvement. When the U.S. government seeks to influence its citizens, it can use mass media to help produce systematic social change, particularly visual communication derived from rhetoric. Rhetorical criticism includes…

Scholars in the field of communication theory and research have ignored and problematized the relationship between sign and meaning. This paper discusses the relationship in order to catalogue the different positions taken and to investigate the work that gets done from these positions. In the "brute sense data" or physicalist position, the…

Paivio's Dual Coding Theory has received widespread recognition for its connection between visual and aural channels of internal information processing. The use of only two channels, however, cannot satisfactorily explain the effects witnessed every day. This paper presents a study suggesting the presence a third, kinesthetic channel, currently…

This study measured unilateral, tachistoscopic naming reaction times of 30 normal and 30 reading-disordered children (mean age of 9.3 years) to objects representing two levels of picture vocabulary age. Reading disabled subjects are enrolled in the Reading Center, a diagnostic and treatment program for disabled readers at Bowling Green State…

This study assessed whether redundant stimuli are beneficial in motor performance, and how redundant information is processed, using 11 male and 11 female undergraduate students. A minimum information tracking task was presented to subjects on a computer in seven conditions. Overall, evidence seems to point to enhanced performance when information…

A multi-method approach to the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was investigated for the purpose of developing an assessment model that could detect the subjects' level of functioning within Mirsky's (1987) four phases of attention and to determine if the primary distractors were by auditory, visual, or combined stimuli.…

Examines whether it is the mediator as a "product" or whether it is the "process" involved in a particular strategy that facilitates learning, concluding that neither view can be rejected. (RB)

Investigated the effects of perceptual differentiation in groups and assessed its relation to intergroup attitudes in children Subjects were black children and white children from the second, fourth and sixth grades. (SDH)