Four studies of leadership reach different conclusions, all apparently consistent with the experiences of practitioners. The themes of functionalism and culturalism in the study of organizations are illuminated and the usefulness of research using multiple points of view to examine a limited number of cases is suggested. (Author/MLW)

Describes the dilemma facing American Indian Studies, a discipline evaluated (and constrained) by mainstream academics according to Eurocentric conceptual "standards." Suggests that American Indian studies could become a valid, autonomous discipline by placing its subject matter in a global context of indigenous experience. Contains 27 references.…

Describes a tour of the German Fairy Tale Road, which extends through northern Germany, where many fairy tales originated. (BB)

Examines the impact of culturally conditioned conversational strategies on student-teacher interactions. Contrasts conversational patterns with patterns demanded by the essay form. Notes that teachers should view a student's work as a process of translation from the student's conception of everyday conversation toward academic discourse. (MM)

Details considerations which suggest the importance of early education and children's socialization to it; integrates relevant socialization theories; discusses ethnography as a research perspective; explains ethnographic procedures used; and proposes a conceptualization of the preschool classroom as a dynamic configuration of school and peer…

Suggests that teachers can introduce the cultural context of nineteenth-century British fiction by exploring four types of walks that women characters take: the mission of mercy; the passionate, secret journey; the problem-solving walk; and the defiant or self-assertive walk of independence. (MS)

Interviews with two Oklahoma educators involved in community education for Native Americans stress the importance of developing community leaders, understanding cultural differences, preserving cultural heritage, and co-existing with mainstream culture. (SK)

The emergence of reflectivity in teacher education is discussed. Four forms of action (describing, informing, confronting, and reconstructing) are suggested to uncover the forces that inhibit and constrain teachers and teacher educators in their efforts to implement critical reflection in their curricula. (IAH)

Presents postpositivism as a useful method for understanding the cultural context of work. Highlights the critical theory approach, presenting qualitative studies that use this framework. Recommends critical research as a way to achieve the democratic transformation of schools and workplaces. (SK)

Discusses the notions and language of spatial relations of various cultures, particularly those of deaf students. (MKR)

Outlines the social and cultural background, education, and scientific contributions of Percy Lavon Julian, an African American natural product chemist. Presents and analyzes traits and abilities relevant to his growth, development, and survival and some of his thoughts on the nature of science, the relationship between science and the humanities,…

Reports on the origins and importance of the "Three Doctrines Discussions" of the Chinese Tang dynasty (618-960). Shows how their evolution and decline parallel shifts in the balance of political power. Argues that these debates functioned rhetorically to enhance and legitimate the emperor's political power. (HB)

Provides an overview of the following article by Rogoff (PS523071) in terms of its focus and contribution. Notes the article's focus on the proposition that development is a process of transformation through participation in cultural practices, and that changes must be considered at three levels: personal, interpersonal, and community. (BAC)

Presents the theoretical position that as people participate in sociocultural activities, they contribute to the development of community practices that simultaneously contribute to the individuals' own development. Illustrates this argument using observations of the developmental processes of individual Girl Scouts and of community traditions of…

Discusses some of the problems the author encountered in staging a production of Marsha Norman's "'night, Mother" in Moscow. States that the area of largest concern was cultural variables, and whether a Russian audience would be able to understand some of the references. Concludes that, despite cultural differences, the audience was…