There has been an exile of literature from the English as a second language curriculum. Language is a small part of the communication that takes place in a culture. Cultural complexities in literature are valuable for the teaching of second language students. Teaching suggestions and references are provided. (SW)

Change programs in agriculture, business, and communities, resulting from a culture-centered approach called "normative systems", are described. Culture is defined as a network of norms of behavior. A four-phase process for achieving changes in culture (norms) is presented. (MF)

Available from: International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Transaction Periodicals Consortium, Rutgers--The State University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, Subscription Rates: individuals, $15.00 per year; $25.00 two years; $35.00 three years; students, $8.00 per year for maximum of two years.

Popular music is seen as useful in language teaching. Its language quality is improving. Four selection criteria are proposed: sound appeal, intelligibility, degree of difficulty, relevance to pupils' interests. Before singing, the words should be fully understood. Popular songs have an important place in area studies. (IFS/WGA)

Criticizes a critique by J. Marsden of Leonard Cohen's pop song "Suzanne" as material for high school foreign language teaching. States that Marsden's article is concerned only with the text. The music agrees with the theme (loneliness) and with the "social milieu." (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA)

Similarities between the status of academic women in West Berlin and the U.S. are discussed. Consideration is given to university structure, roles having status and prestige, retrenchment in hiring, discriminatory attitudes, aspiration, and administrative opportunities. (LBH)

Discusses the historical, social, and cultural background against which the current popularity of religious cults can be understood. (JMB)

Explores how the formal television elements that constitute the ritual space of the talk show establish and contextualize the socio-centrality of the star host--specifically examining the comedy of Johnny Carson and David Letterman, examples of the Yankee character as a champion of common sense and cultural consensus. (NKA)

Examines the many possible methods used by instructors who work with dramatic action: in educational drama, drama therapy, social drama, and theater. Discusses an emergent taxonomy whereby instructors choose either spontaneous/formal, overt/covert/, or intrinsic/extrinsic methods. (JC)

Considers the broad appeal of broadcast evangelism among conservative American Protestants although it is an ineffective and inefficient means of evangelization. Defines, describes, and examines the mythos as represented in the rhetoric of various well-known broadcast evangelists and their trade association, National Religious Broadcasters.…

Explores the relative contributions of global vocabulary and specific attribute knowledge to the metaphorical comprehension of fluent and less fluent adult users of English. Results indicate that, for both groups, specific attribute knowledge was a better predictor of metaphorical interpretation than global vocabulary knowledge. (Author/CB)

This article describes and analyzes three images of leadership which are prominent in the literature on effective schools. The ways in which these flawed images have contributed to the impending failure of that movement are discussed. Problems created by these leadership images are examined and solutions are discussed. (JL)

Pilot-testing of a cardiovascular health education curriculum with 218 American Indian and Hispanic fifth graders in rural New Mexico noted significant increases in knowledge about the cardiovascular system, exercise, nutrition, obesity, tobacco use, and habit change, suggesting that the culturally oriented program may help promote a healthy…

Intergroup theories stress context as an important factor in research. This is especially true in the study of minority groups where understanding may be lost if the world view of the informants is different than that of the researcher. Two empirical studies are compared to exemplify such differences in outcomes. (VM)

Compares metaphors and intimate relationships, arguing that both may be viewed as relational and categorized into four distinct styles. Results indicated validity for assignment of three relationship types concluding that parallels exist between linguistic and social forms. (NKA)