Intended as a resource for individuals wishing to evaluate smoking cessation programs, this handbook, one in a series of seven, provides a collection of measuring devices that can improve the quality of such evaluations. Chapter 1 introduces the handbook's contents and outlines evaluation related issues specific to smoking cessation programs.…

Most discussions of measurement theory are focused on "scales" of measurement, but it is not clear whether reference is made to the mechanisms of measurement or the metric information derived from measurement. This emphasis on scales in measurement theory has not always provided a meaningful or fruitful description of measurement activities in…

Discusses the patterns of mental development of 350 pairs of twins studied longitudinally from 11/2-6 years of age. (DP)

THE MAJOR OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY WAS TO FORMULATE A SOUND, EFFECTIVE AND WORKABLE METHOD OF SCREENING CHILDREN FOR PLACEMENT IN SPECIAL CLASSES FOR THE MENTALLY RETARDED. THE PROJECT WAS A PILOT STUDY OF APPROXIMATELY 5,000 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN GRADES 1 THROUGH 6 IN 2 REPRESENTATIVE COUNTIES. TEACHER AND PRINCIPAL REFERRALS WERE SECURED…

A pattern-analytical technique, Similar Response Analysis (SRA), was developed, validated with contrived data, verified using previously reported data based on other pattern-analytical methods, and used successfully with "real" data. This technique orders subjects on the basis of the similarity of responses of adjacent individuals, not…

The cognitive characteristics involved in a relatively field-dependent or field-independent cognitive style and the personal characteristics associated with these contrasting styles have been shown to play a role in a) students' selection of electives and majors, b) vocational preferences they experience early in their academic careers, and c) the…

Multiple matrix sampling is a psychometric procedure in which a set of test items is subdivided randomly into subtests of items with each subtest administered to different subgroups of examinees selected at random from the examinee population. Although each examinee receives only a proportion of the complete set of items, the statistical model…

Measures of state and trait anxiety were given to aviation officer candidates (AOC's) with the usual instructions as well as with instructions to answer as if each had just made his first landing on an aircraft carrier. Significant differences were sought when comparing the experimental group to college students. (Author)

The epistemological status of factors--that is, components, common factors, and image factors--is briefly discussed. Implications for the number of factors problem of varying views of factor analysis and the particular factor analytic model employed are noted, and the rationales underlying the best known decision rules regarding the correct number…

A generalization of the Rasch model is employed to quantify statements on a scale in the Thurstone tradition, as well as to measure a person's attitudes in the Likert tradition. An illustration of the technique is provided. (JKS)

Tests the hypothesis that individuals are more likely to view their own behavior as caused by the situation and the behavior of others as caused by underlying personality dispositions. Subjects were 100 undergraduate students. (MP)

Principal components analysis is generalized to the case where any of the variables under consideration can be nominal, ordinal or interval. Hotelling's original formulation is seen to be a special case of this generalization. (JKS)

A simple roof is presented: that the squared multiple correlation of a variable with the remaining variables in the set of variables is a lower bound to the communality of that variable. (Author/JKS)