Mathematical problem solving has been the focus of much concern. This study investigated the relationship of various cognitive factors, attributions, and gender to the solution of mathematics problems by 100 high school seniors. The independent variables examined in this study included: (1) mathematics knowledge as measured by a score on the…

This paper investigates the relationship between learning style and programming achievement in two paradigms: imperative and functional. An imperative language achieves its effect by changing the value of variables by means of assignment statements while functional languages rely on evaluation of expressions rather than side-effects. Learning…

This paper examines the role of motivation in the way mental retardation is defined and treated. It reviews evidence that mental retardation involves a motivational self-system and a self-regulatory influence which, interacting with cognitive and metacognitive factors, result in inefficient learning. It suggests that individuals with mental…

This study established the Secondary Colleges Classroom Environment Inventory (SCCEI) as a reliable instrument for use in providing teachers in the postsecondary sector with information about the learning environment in their classrooms. The SCCEI was constructed for this study as a perceptual measure of classroom environment using scales from the…

One of a series of workplace education modules, this document presents the Mind Fitness module, designed to help determine students' learning styles and create successful learners in the workplace. An introduction describes the framework of the module, indicating that it utilizes four types of exercises to work with feeling-directed,…

With an increasing number of women becoming members of flight crews, the leadership styles of men and women are at issue. A study explored three basic questions: (1) How do male and female learning and leadership styles differ? (2) What barriers to gender integration and crew teamwork are perceived by pilot crew members? and (3) What…

Learning theorist Kenneth Bruffee traces the roots of collaborative learning in American college classrooms back to the early 1970s when changing educational needs necessitated adapting conventional college classroom practices to the needs of new students. Traditional pedagogy had failed because of the growth in the number of nontraditional…

This paper discusses research designed to determine the learning style preferences of students in a graduate class. The theoretical backdrop for the study was that learning styles impact on both the academic achievement of students and the teaching effectiveness of the instructor. Fifteen students, ranging in age from 23 to over 37, in a research…

The awakening of public interest in curriculum has come at a time when, within the education profession, the conventional wisdom about teaching and learning has itself undergone a major transformation. New Constructivist theories of knowing have emphasized the social nature of the construction of knowledge: students learn by "putting it into…

This document is composed of three bibliographies that were handed out during a section of an American Library Association conference dealing with education and behavioral sciences and more narrowly, with how techniques borrowed from these disciplines can improve the effectiveness of reference services. The handouts are a 24-item bibliography on…

A discussion of the utility of research on language aptitude and learning style begins by examining the concept of language aptitude and the controversy surrounding it, which focuses on the nature of language aptitude, what characterizes it, and its significance. The research reviewed dates back to the 1920s. Tests used to assess aptitude are then…

The problem of response set is important for questionnaire designers and interpreters, but the public is affected as well if policy is determined on the basis of unsupported conclusions. This study focused on one of the most researched response sets, extreme responding (ER), or extreme checking styles, and its relationship to one dimension of…

It has been hypothesized that differences in mathematical word problems are the result of differences in spatial skill. Why complex spatial abilities are needed for an individual to represent the relatively simple spatial relations in word problems is not clear. It is possible that a third variable, cognitive strategy preferences, may partially…

Steps toward a theory of leadership must blend needed change with appropriate strategies for implementation. Discussions of leadership must begin with the concept of empowerment, since all leaders are empowerers. The theory that drives empowerment is the theory of individual differences, here based on C. G. Jung's ideas of four main personality…

A study of the cognitive style characteristics of marketing education students focused on reasoning and problem solving. Field dependence theory measured particular cognitive styles in secondary school marketing education classrooms and estimated implications for reasoning and problem-solving behavior among currently enrolled students. The study…