Describes problems encountered by Eastern students (identified as literate by traditional definitions of literacy) while studying in Western universities. Presents four "mental skills" which can help overcome these problems, including the skills of linear reasoning, creating and expressing original insights, imposing personal commitment,…

Explores note writing and other "literacy events" in one sixth-grade classroom. Focuses on the "unofficial" use of literacy used to communicate within the students' underground classroom culture. Learning that exceeds adult expectations is evident in students' nonacademic writing which they use to present themselves, to share, and to order. (JS)

Described are the history of three German-heritage groups settled in Pennsylvania: the Solitary of Ephrata Commune, the Amish, and the Harmony Society. Suggested are pastoral, agrarian, and commercial agricultural analogs to life-support strategies of these groups respectively. Faustian agriculture emphasizing the connection of agriculture to…

Discusses cultural models, prototypical scripts that constitute the meaning of language as used by a particular group. Argues that the role of the second language teacher is to encourage students to focus on and develop beyond the cultural models of their home cultures and of the mainstream school culture. (FMW)

Attempts to outline the necessary design considerations for an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) course. A more adequate descriptive base for course design includes theoretical justification for including an ethnographic perspective, and a case example of the design of a communications skills course for computer practitioners in Oman. (Author/CB)

Provides the structural framework for the theory-derived steady state approach, an emic (within-culture) research approach for certain fields of psychology to be applied to African-Americans and, when adjusted, to all persons of African descent. (BJV)

Discusses the change of the Great Tradition in India which occurred by the invasion of modern science and technology including the concepts of time, past, word, matter and mind, structure and change, and relationships. Suggests recommendations for creative use of modern science and technology. (YP)

Illustrates how teachers can use holidays to construct lessons that are academically substantial, interesting, and meaningful. Model lessons are organized around asking exploratory questions and the ensuing process scholars use to unravel an academic mystery. Designed for use in elementary or middle school during Christmas season. (KO)

Discusses the juvenile justice system and the issues facing it. Provides a brief history of the development of the juvenile justice system. Points out that the quest for justice is influenced by cultural context and is not confined to the court system. Concludes that access to justice is an evolutionary process. (KO)

Describes a study showing how the classical Chinese world view finds its way into Chinese students' written compositions. English teachers must help students progress from writing based on reasoning and rhetoric indigenous to their own culture, to writing in line with the thought and rhetoric patterns of the English-speaking context. (CB)

Reports findings from an exploratory investigation of a comparatively low dropout rate in a predominantly Mexican American school district (Calexico, California). Although many features contribute to the district's ability to retain students, these are best understood as interrelated parts of a complex system. The most important factor appears to…

Aspects of English-as-a-Second-Language are discussed from the standpoint of a teacher-educator with a particular interest in philosophy, the arts, and humanities and what they signify for the schools. The idea of giving voice to all viewpoints and sociocultural circumstances is considered for content learning and heterogeneous grouping. (Contains…

Examines critically the commonplace assumption that students are outsiders who need to be initiated into the academic community. Argues that the image of students as outsiders fails to consider their many years of experience in education. Suggests that instructors should position themselves as outsiders to the students' interpretive practices.…

The mindset of children regarding the development of two languages, specifically Spanish and English in bilingual programs, is examined. It is concluded that students' attitudes and understanding of dual language development should be added to biliteracy programs. (Contains 26 references.) (LB)

Defines a value system as a universal, prolonged, consistent structure of priorities that defines an individual's life plan. Reports on a study of individual values among 3,154 Russian adults in 3 major cities. Identifies four generalizations based on the data about social values and social change in Russia. (CFR)