This curriculum unit offers students the opportunity to become researchers of history. The curriculum is organized among three sections: (1) "Context," students are introduced to early seagoing peoples, their ideas and technologies, and to related ideas from Renaissance Europe; (2) "Voyages," students conduct individual…

Between 1845 and 1850, more than a million Irish starved to death while massive quantities of food were being exported from their country. A half million were evicted from their homes during the potato blight. A million and a half emigrated to the United States, Britain, and Australia, often on board rotting, overcrowded "coffin ships."…

A case study of peasant women, based on oral accounts of 40 married Italian Piedmontese peasants who lived during the Industrial Revolution, examines their relationships in everyday life and in society. The impact of puberty, marriage, and childbirth on relationships among women is discussed. (AM)

The author looks at what and how women were taught in the castles, convents, towns and universities of medieval Europe. She also discusses the careers of seven notable nuns and abbesses, who were both exemplars of the scholarly woman and lasting influences on female education. (SJL)

Examines church-state relations in educational matters in Italy from 1922 to the outbreak of World War II. Unlike Nazi Germany which could boast of nazified schools, Fascist Italy was compelled to recognize the considerable influence of Catholicism on education. (Author/KC)

Teaching history is seen to require direct communication from historian to group and back again. Modified Socratic inquiry, it is suggested, accomplishes this goal by involving students more actively in the classroom. It presupposes close reading of material and dialogue as effective as lectures. (MLW)

This article discusses the reasons why the Holocaust ought to be included in school curricula and outlines topics for instruction. (MM)

The author reviews major styles of secular Western music from the early Middle Ages through the sixteenth century, pointing out features that would appeal to a modern audience. A selected list of published collections of early music is appended. (SJL)

Outlines antecedents and consequences of typography and Sixteenth Century Protestant educational reform to show how curricular innovation led to a bureaucratic discourse of social control. Argues that compulsory schooling for mass literacy gave rise to the institutionalization of childhood, and to state-controlled techniques of normalization and…

Reports on presentations made at a symposium sponsored by the Connecticut Humanities Council. Papers dealt with teaching the French Revolution by presenting European history in new relationships with the rest of the world and by examining the Declaration of the Rights of Man as it related to the role of women. (KO)

Four articles present ideas for classroom French language teaching. Topics include the semantic distinctions between the French words for nation, state, and country; historical events in the 10 years following the French Revolution; class creation of a newspaper during the French Revolution; and exercises focusing on the Eiffel Tower. (MSE)

Proposes satire as a form of argumentative practice. Examines eighteenth-century satirical attacks upon London's ubiquitous debating societies (formed among tradesmen, craftsmen, professionals, and small businessmen to "improve" themselves) as evidence of satire's public role in which the ideological struggle between social classes was…

The origin and development of two African saints are discussed: Saint Maurice, patron saint of the eastern empire of Otto I; and Caspar, the youngest of the three Magi. Their representation in German art is described and illustrated. (Author/LB)