When pupils study interpretations or representations of the past which are neither from their own period nor from the period being interpreted/represented, they are having to employ sophisticated knowledge and skill. Jane Card describes this as "double vision": the pupils must think about "the period depicted" (in this case the…

In two, linked articles, appearing in this and the next edition, Maria Osowiecki shares an account of a five-lesson enquiry, based on the concept of historical significance (National Curriculum Key Element 2e) for mixed ability Year 8. She wanted to experiment with an array of creative teaching techniques that would appeal to a wide range of…

The paper discusses and analyzes negotiations between the Warsaw Pact and NATO nations to reduce military forces in Central Europe. These negotations have taken place in Vienna since 1973. Material is organized in three major sections. Section I offers a general survey of the political and strategic context within which the negotiations have taken…

A new approach to the teaching of European history is being implemented in Advanced Placement secondary classes. In the latter 1950's a Committee of Examiners composed of European history professors and secondary teachers formulated a course description comprised of a brief outline of an introductory survey in European history. It was organized…

A case study designed to provide a picture of sex stereotypes in Europe and America before and after the industrial revolution. Qualities most often exhibited and admired by Victorian men and women are described. (Author/DB)

Describes the rationale, format, and mechanics of a college European Studies major. (DB)

Description of a 13-week Renaissance and Reformation course for students from grades 11 and 12 featuring student seminars. Article provides outlines for preparation of student presentations, seminar topics, and evaluation. Course also includes readings, tests, book reviews, class discussions, films, lectures, and socratic lessons. (BC)

Presents a chart of anti-Jewish laws which were instituted in Germany from 1933-38. Sections of the laws are reprinted and a short explanation of the laws is given. (Author/DB)

Discusses the usefulness of war games in high school and college classrooms, specifically games involving the role of Western Europe in World War II. Twenty games are identified and evaluated in terms of strategy and educational value. (AV)

Presents--as a case study--Spain's role in the history of Comparative Education during the nineteenth century. Deals with outstanding political and scholarly contributions as well as processes underlying and leading to the development of a specific, scientific study of foreign systems of education. (JHZ)

Outlines the historical background preceding the emergence of bilingual education in several of Ireland's western districts. Discusses the nature of the program, the training of bilingual teachers, and efforts by teachers themselves to develop bilingual methods. Examines the program's introduction throughout the districts and charts its general…

Discusses the views of A. J. Mundella concerning the scope and quality of the government's provision for education in England, which he considered to be inadequate when compared with many other nations. Examines his actions and ideology, and those of Robert Wild, concerning the status of teachers in England. (GEA)

Discusses the origins of radicalism in Italy, specifically the emergence in 1831 of Giuseppe Mazzini as the advocate of Italian nationalism and radicalism. Examines Mazzini's role in Italy and among European revolutionaries, concluding that his legacy led to the establishment of the Italian republic in the twentieth century. (GEA)

Notes that writing can be a more effective tool for social studies learning if assignments require students to generate their own thoughts rather than restate someone else's ideas. Offers a two-day lesson on the reform of child labor practices during the English Industrial Revolution. A wide variety of writing activities are featured. (JDH)

Determined high school sophomores are desirable candidates for advanced placement European history courses. One high school's experience in implementing such a program is discussed. (RM)