Undergraduate engineering students usually face difficulties understanding electric circuit concepts. Some of those difficulties regard with misconceptions students bring into the classroom and develop during the learning process. Additionally, the increasing complexity of the topics along the fundamental electric circuit course constitutes…

A goal of undergraduate science education is to help students develop "personal epistemologies" like those used by scientists (Windschitl et al., 2008). "Epistemic understandings" around the nature and process of science are crucial in the development of personal epistemologies comparable to scientists. However, many…

In recent years, chemistry educators are increasingly adopting immersive virtual reality (IVR) technology to help learners visualise molecular interactions. However, educational studies on IVR mostly investigated its usability and user perceptions leaving out its impact on improving conceptual understanding. If they evaluated students' knowledge…

Cognitive diagnostic assessment based on Bayesian networks (BN) is developed in this paper to evaluate student understanding of the physical concept of buoyancy. we propose a three-order granular-hierarchy BN model which accounts for both fine-grained attributes and high-level proficiencies. Conditional independence in the BN structure is tested…

In the present study, atmospheric pressure, an abstract concept that learners generally have difficulty understanding and explaining, was presented to pre-service elementary teachers (PSTs) with the method of argumentation. The argument levels of the PSTs were examined using the Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) experiments in teaching the subject of…

This study developed and validated an instrument to investigate senior school students' understanding of electrostatics and provide a cognitive diagnostic assessment of their strengths and weaknesses on the related concepts (e.g., electric charge). The instrument included 20 four-tier multiple-choice items and the development process is organized…

Concepts relating to enzymes and energy are central to understanding chemical and biological processes at the molecular level. Student learning of these crosscutting concepts can be challenging, so it is important to identify misconceptions and remediate them early, especially in introductory classes. Here we describe an activity in which…

The purpose of this study is to analyze the mental model of improvement and changes on light wave concepts with Conceptual Change based on Virtual Media (CC-VM) x POE strategy. The method used is mixed methods with embedded design. The sample consisted of 30 students (with an age range of 16-17 years) in one of the schools in Subang, Indonesia.…

Cosmology concepts encompass complex spatial and temporal relations that are counterintuitive. Cosmology findings, because of their intrinsic interest, are often reported in the public domain with enthusiasm, and students come to cosmology with a range of conceptions some aligned and some at variance with the current science. This makes cosmology…

Secondary school students find it difficult to write elaborated causal explanations of scientific phenomena. They frequently present their own opinions and write descriptions of their observations rather than linking observations with logical chains of causal reasoning, underpinned by a theoretical framework, to provide explanations of scientific…

Some of the online explainer videos for physics present misconceptions as scientifically correct explanations. Even so, some of these videos achieve good ratings on online platforms. A possible reason is that explainer videos with misconceptions foster an "illusion of understanding"--the mistaken belief that a topic has been understood.…

This study investigates students' cognitive resources for identifying symmetry elements using survey data collected from 39 inorganic chemistry students from twelve undergraduate inorganic classes at universities across the United States. We propose a framework that leverages students' knowledge of symmetry elements as a manifold of cognitive…

Concepts are the essential elements of basic sciences. For meaningful learning, these concepts need to be expressed clearly and accurately. Before the teaching methods and techniques are used, the concepts' definitions, limitations, and exceptions should be explained. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine whether the definition…

Recent studies suggest that teachers' emotions can influence their teaching. Guided by a phenomenological orientation, we used a qualitative single-case study approach to investigate the interplay between a teacher's emotions and the enactment of her instructional goals. We looked at Lily's (pseudonym) assessments of the success and failure of…

In this study, it was aimed to examine the visual content and expressions in the texts in the "Cell Divisions" unit in the 10th Grade Biology textbook of the Ministry of National Education, Secondary Science High School, taught in the 2022-2023 academic year, in terms of scientific content. The data sources of the research, in which the…