This paper attempts to clarify the vocabulary, issues, research findings, and direction of the development of counseling research up to the present. With changing times and dissatisfaction with counseling results and outcome research approaches, a more comprehensive and interactional view of counseling research and practice has developed. The…

Techniques of sociological research--defined as the assembly, organization and interpretation of facts that help explain human activity--are described in this guide to community research strategies. In Part I of the booklet some basic aspects of research are examined, illustrating procedures of stating and examining a research problem. The scope…

A study was conducted to explore some of the relationships existing between the early behavior of a change agent with a group client system and its subsequent effects on the helping relationship established between them. A review of related literature was made. The model of helping relationship which formed the basis for the design of the study…

A more unified approach to communication theory can evolve through systems modeling of information theory, communication modes, and mass media operations. Such systematic analysis proposes, as is the case care here, that information models be based upon combinations of energy changes and exchanges and changes in receiver systems. The mass media is…

In this collection of papers Harold G. Cassidy outlines the conceptual framework for the conference which is based on a systems approach to development of practical action programs in education. A basic model is presented as a basis for shifting from the post-crisis to the pre-crisis approach to curriculum development and educational…

This paper defines revolutionary education as a qualitative change in the structure of educational institutions and the ideology surrounding the functions and goals of those institutions. After conducting an extensive study of the literature on inner city schools, free schools, and student protest, the author concludes that revolutionary education…

The objective of this study was to explore, by means of the correlational analysis of aggregate data, the relationships between State governmental structure and education policies. More than thirty indexes were developed in the categories of (1) environmental conditions, (2) political system characteristics, and (3) policy outputs. Data from many…

In the first chapter, the main approaches to educational planning as practiced in the member countries of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development are described: (1) social demand, which subsumes current and supplementary demand; (2) investment in education; and (3) manpower needs. This chapter also reviews the contemporary use of…

The Parent/Child Toy-Library Program is described and a report is given of its evaluation. The program is a 10-week course for parents of three- and four year-old children, an educational Toy Library for the parents, and a training program for the teacher-librarians who will teach the course and operate the library. Two toys were rejected on the…

In this presentation the outlines of a general systems model for education which may be of value in the areas of curriculum development, course design and teaching are offered. It is based on what is called the "Principle of Natural Organization" which is defined as follows: every form tends to articulate its elements into functional structures;…

On November 8, 1971, the Bakersfield City Board of Education adopted a motion directing that the school district request the Bureau of Intergroup Relations to assist in the development of plans under the guidelines of California Administrative Code Sections 14020 and 14021 to eliminate racial imbalance in district schools. The Bureau team agreed…

The purpose of this paper was to bring together the concept of educational accountability and a systems approach to delivering marital counseling services to a university community. In so doing a heavy emphasis was placed on outliving the basic assumptions underlying the current movement for educational accountability and presenting one, very…

Four basic models that are used to account for the discrepancies in educational and intellectual attainment between minority groups and the dominant culture are outlined. These are the Deficit Model, the School-as-Failure Model, the Cultural Difference Model, and the Social Structure Model. Four studies relating to the impact of preschool…

This project was undertaken to identify, collect, classify, and assess career education treatment units that have proved effective or can be readily field tested. A nationwide field survey of various educational sources was made to identify a broad spectrum of career education treatment units. Follow-up and site visits were made to collect…

Communication research, because of its interdisciplinary character, is useful in determining training strategies for use in population control programs. After listing seven constraints which differentiate training programs from formal education, the authors present a model of communication training objectives. This model defines the nature of a…