Studies (2) of auditory memory performance are reported. Children were asked to recall material which permitted different language habits to be used (structural, and meaningful). Lower socio-economic status (LSES) Negro children performed more like their middle socio-economic status white (MSES) counterparts on non-contingent strings. When…

Data based on the single word responses children made to visually presented alphabet letter stimuli were examined and compared with earlier adult studies. One hundred and eighty sixth-grade students from two elementary schools participated in the study. The subjects responded by writing the first word they thought of beginning with the letter…

A set of guidelines has been developed for the implementation of the audio mode in computer assisted instruction (CAI). The manual contains a collection of conventions and techniques synthesized from recent publications in areas pertinent to multi-media audiovisual presentation. These areas include audio message placement, positioning, frequency,…

A paired-associate task was given to 119 middle-class fourth and fifth graders to investigate the nature and development of mediational strategies in children's learning. Imagery and sentence mediators which linked the stimuli and responses of pictorial paired associates were either provided by an experimenter or generated by the children. While…

The problem of generating verbal cues to facilitate psychomotor skill training is considered in the context of flight instruction. The flying task is conceptualized in terms of a pilot-aircraft closed loop control system. The control system model effectively illustrates the three types of informational stimuli necessary for the pilot's effective…

The basic principles of operant and classical conditioning are presented, and their applications for the in-service training of teachers are discussed. Certain classroom behaviors are analyzed and applied to the classic stimulus-response paradigm. Activities are generically classified as positive or negative reinforcers and these reinforcers, in…

This Pupil's Book is a workbook designed for use with the Southeastern Education Laboratory/Project Language curriculum guides, Level Two, Lessons 1-32. In the workbook, the pupil is directed to respond to photographs or sketches in ways which indicate his understanding of himself and of his home and family. The major emphasis of the SEL/Project…

This study measured responsiveness to the immediate environment on the basis of the social (vs. neutral) content of a person's free associations, in an effort to relate this responsiveness to field-dependence. The results lend support to the view that field-dependence is associated with social responsiveness in word association. Two aspects of…

Fixation and regression were considered complementary by Freud. You tend to regress to a point of fixation. They are both opposed to progression. In the general area, Anna Freud has written (The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defence. London: Hogarth and the Psycho-Analytic Institute, 1937), Sears has evaluated (Survey of Objective Studies of…

The visual interaction of two strangers in a nonfocused situation (waiting room) was investigated. Amount of visual interaction decreased across time and with the increasing proximity of the interactants. Neither the sex composition of the dyad nor the sex of the looker was a significant source of variance. However, females received more glances…

Sixteen kindergarten and 28 first-grade children were tested on two-choice discrimination problems. A prompt light indicated the positive (rewarded) object P on all training trials, and these were followed by a single nonprompted test trial during which a new object (X) replaced either P (X-N problems) or N (P-X problems) or neither (P-N control…

The present investigation studied the effectiveness of implicit analogies as advance organizers in children's learning. It was hypothesized that analogies which were structurally isomorphic to the target concept would facilitate learning of the latter even though linkages between components of the two concepts were not overtly specified.…

A motion picture test of perceptual abilities has been developed for use as a screening test with elementary school children. Part I has 25 items in which the child must identify a hidden stimulus figure within one of four designs. Part II contains 25 items in which a child must identify from four alternatives a figure formed by three or four…

The findings of this study indicated that induced imagery facilitated correct shape reproduction in 8-year-olds better than induced verbalization. (JMB)