Presents a system which supports image retrieval by high-level chromatic contents, the sensations that color accordances generate on the observer. Surveys Itten's theory of color semantics and discusses image description and query specification. Presents examples of visual querying. (AEF)

Three experiments examined infants' processing of three-dimensional (3D) information in static images. Results indicated that 3-month olds are sensitive to 3D cues in static images. However, discrepancies based on these cues may not engage infants' attention like those based on fundamental features. (Author)

A study involving 111 adults with blindness examined the impact of watching television science programs with and without audio description. Results indicate respondents gained and retained more information from watching programs with description. They reported that the description makes the program more enjoyable, interesting, and informative.…

Investigated adult English speakers' production of subject and object relative clause sentences using a picture/symbol-based augmentative and alternative communication (ACC) system with speech output. Most participants avoided the potential ambiguity that resulted from the absence of grammatical markers. Results indicate the combined effects of…

This study of rapid picture naming by 20 normally developing children (mean age 11 years) found significant differences between two-and three-dimensional pictures for higher level vocabulary items, but not for lower-level vocabulary items, suggesting that dimensionality may be a critical feature for rapid lexical access for higher-level picture…

Provides a model for studying the relationship between text and illustration in picture storybooks that employ interdependent storytelling--readers must consider both text and illustration to comprehend the story. Discusses the role of interdependent storytelling in children's literary, artistic, and intellectual development. (NH)

Describes creating visual images of the richness of communities as a crucial step in making communities healthier and more sustainable. (CCM)

Monitored eye movements of subjects who were following spoken instructions to click on a pictured object with a computer mouse. Subjects were slower to fixate on the target picture when the onset of the target word came from a competitor word than from a nonword as predicted by models of spoken-word recognition that incorporate lexical…

Three experiments investigated effectiveness of activity outcomes as 5- to 7-year-olds' memory cues. Outcomes either were maintained during activity and preserved in the end product, or "disappeared" during activity and transformed in the end product. Findings indicated that memory for the activity varied with cue condition and with…

Tested 3-, 5-, and 8-year-olds on temporal generalization with visual stimuli. Found increasing sharpness of generalization gradient with increasing age, and change from symmetrical to adult-like asymmetrical generalization gradients among 8-year-olds. Theoretical models attributed changes to increasing precision of the reference memory with…

Two experiments examined whether infants are sensitive to holistic combinations of line junctions in 2-D images that adults use to derive overall 3-D structure. Results suggested that 3-month-olds are sensitive to holistic combinations of line junctions that adults use to derive 3-D information but also selectively attend to these 3-D cues in…

Investigated 3-month-olds' categorization of animals and vehicles based on static and dynamic attributes. Found that regardless of viewing static or dynamic displays, infants showed habituation to varying exemplars from the same category, dishabituated to an exemplar from a novel category, and showed a novelty preference for a novel-category…

In Experiment 1, 10 pigeons were exposed to a successive symbolic matching-to-sample procedure in which the sample was generated by the pigeons' own behavior. Each trial began with both response keys illuminated white, one being the "correct" key and the other the "incorrect" key. The pigeons had no way of discriminating which key was correct and…

Three experiments with pigeons studied the relation between time and rate measures of behavior under conditions of changing preference. Experiment 1 studied a concurrent chain schedule with random-interval initial links and fixed-interval terminal links; Experiment 2 studied a multiple chained random-interval fixed-interval schedule; and…

Fifty participants were exposed to a simple discrimination-training procedure during which six S+ functions were established for six arbitrary stimuli, and S- functions were established for a further six stimuli. Following this training, each participant was exposed to one of five conditions. In the S+ condition, participants were exposed to a…