Research results show that it may be possible, within limitations, to facilitate discrimination by infants of inappropriate from appropriate verbal descriptions of a visual event, by emphasizing the agent component in a simple sentence. (Author/JB)

Sixty first-grade children were trained to categorize pictures of common objects. Results indicated that children who were taught an organizational strategy and who were given verbal instructions attained higher recall scores than children who were shown a specific strategy and who were taught using a question type format that encouraged…

The second in a series that discusses effective approaches to presenting information, this article examines six guidelines useful for translating a script into a memorable film or tape. Six references are cited. (Author/MER)

Repeated observations of a colored form results in slower reaction-time responses to the familiarized stimulus than to a comparable novel stimulus due to alertness decrement and encoding facilitation. This two-factor theory of repetition was found to hold for words as well as for colors. (Author/BW)

Research is reviewed on stimulus overselectivity in autistic children, and educational implications are discussed in terms of language acquisition, social behavior, observational learning, generalization, and prompting and prompt fading. Approaches to circumvent the problem of overselectivity are also described. (CL)

Newborns were presented with a tape-recorded rattle sound through a single loudspeaker, through two loudspeakers with one onset leading the other by seven msecs., and through two loudspeakers simultaneously. Newborns turned toward the single source sound, but not toward either of the dual source sounds. (Author/RH)

Presents results of two experiments which measured contrast sensitivity function in infants. Information concerning development of visual acuity, low frequency attenuation, and sensitivity to contrast were collected. Results provide an approximate picture of and means for detection of infants' pattern information. (Author/DB)

This research reexamined the hypothesis that recognition is a developmentally stable component of the memory system. Recognition performance was compared across age groups. Particular attention was paid to the role of response biases and perceptual skills in developmental increases in recognition performance. (Author/DB)

Tests the effects of stimulus variability on overgeneralization and overdiscrimination errors in children and adults. The subjects (n=64), adults and five-, seven-, and nine-year-old children, participated in a visual discrimination task. (CM)

In Experiment I, 24 preschoolers were tested on left-right, vertical-horizontal, and mirror-image oblique discriminations under essentially context-free conditions. Experiment II contrasted children's performance under context-free conditions with their ability to discriminate orientation in the presence of external visual cues. (RH)

This paper makes a start in the search for a fair test of prelingually deaf children's short-term visual memory ability by exploring the coding problems presented to them by the traditional digit-span test. It suggests that more research be devoted to the problem of stimulus-response compatibility. (Suthor/SJL)

This study investigated whether object-picture discrepancy occurs because preschool children regard pictures as significates rather than as signifiers. Results indicated the children did not consistently respond to objects and their pictorial representations equivalently. (Author/DB)

Results indicated that four-year-old children who viewed a television program did not demonstrate greater haptic ability to recognize and categorize shapes than did children not exposed to the program. Results also suggested that children's TV does not facilitate concrete operational thinking in shape recognition for preschoolers. (Author/DB)

No age differences were found in recall accuracy, types of errors, or introspective reports describing perceived recall strategies. Subjects were 8-, 12-, and 21-year-olds. These findings suggest even the eight-year-olds were able to employ a visual code and to retain it for several seconds in a situation in which incentive to do so was provided.…

Results indicated the following: unitary stimuli were easier to encode; partitioned stimuli were easier to recode; recoding was much more difficult than encoding; extended training improved performance; second graders were slightly better at encoding and much better at recoding than were kindergarten children. (Author/DB)