The examiner explored the relative effectiveness of multi-media presentations for introducing science lessons to fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade students. The major design variables were the pattern of sequencing used to display the visual content and the quality of voice selected. Four slide-tapes were prepared. Either a traditional or…

To investigate two measures which have been used to assess children's attention to stimulus dimensions, component selection, and dimension preference, both measures were administered to 38 3 1/2 to 5-year-olds and 20 5- to 6 1/2-year-olds. Seven to ten days after the dimension preference task was given. the component selection measure was…

This experiment attempted to provide some insight into the effect of three newspaper design complexity variables on the readership and comprehension of news stories and on judgments of the interestingness and pleasingness of the page designs using the three complexity variables: (1) horizontal and vertical headline pattern; (2) horizontal and…

Recent research has shown that certain stimuli are better remembered 6 months after initial exposure than after one week. An alternative explanation of these findings was tested. The explanation posited that the younger children "remember" as well at one week as 6 months later, but at the earlier testing many do not realize what aspect…

Errorless discrimination training is a technique in which the discriminative stimulus is supplemented with a salient cue which is gradually removed or faded during the course of training. In this study errorless discrimination training was used to teach preschool children the distinctive features of letters of the alphabet that are difficult to…

Six- and nine-month-old infants were exposed to contingent or non-contingent perceptual stimulation from a source which was spatially displaced at 60 from the infant's midline. Reliable operant acquisition was observed in the case of the nine-month-old infants, but not in the case of the six-month-old infants whose performance was similar to that…

Effects of generating hunches upon subsequent search activities in problem solving situations were studied among 45 students, 9-11 years of age. The population, divided into three groups, was assigned to observe a contradictory stimulus. The first group was asked to write hunches, while the second was allowed to read a set of hunches. Hunch…

A study of the effect of instructional pictures adjunct to science verbal material on learning performance was made among 80 high school biology students. The population was randomly assigned into two treatments: (1) Verbal statements (Vs) and (2) Vs plus pictures (Pt). The four independent variables were: (1) developing Pt directly from Vs, (2)…

In an attempt to study the role of pictures in connection with the perception of information via television, the pictorial accompaniment to some news items in a simulated television news program was systematically varied. The retention of the verbal message and the perception of the news items were measured for the different illustrations. It was…

The basic purpose of this study was to establish association values for nonsense words to be used in learning experiments with children from culturally-different backgrounds. Responses to 50 stimuli (44 nonsense and six real words) individually administered to 164 children from kindergarten, day care, and nursery school settings, representing two…

Visual sequences should be the first visual literacy exercises for reasons that are physio-psychological, semantic, and curricular. In infancy, vision is undifferentiated and undetailed. The number of details a child sees increases with age. Therefore, a series of pictures, rather than one photograph which tells a whole story, is more appropriate…

Effects of lower versus middle class parental occupation, verbal intelligence, and action content of pictured stimuli upon nonverbal serial recall were investigated in white first-graders attending a semi-rural elementary school in southeastern Michigan. Forty lower class and 20 middle class children, (half boys and half girls) were grouped on the…

This report describes an instrument recently developed for profiling self concepts and provides some background through a discussion of the rationale and development of the procedure. The Self Concept Profiling Technique (SCPT) has both a projective and a paired comparisons phase through which are examined five occupational and…

The purposes of this inventory are to: 1) assess quantitatively eleven male and twelve female general interest areas; 2) identify motivating forces behind occupational choice; 3) provide an interest inventory for working with those having limited verbal abilities; 4) provide possible additional information through projective uses; 5) further…

One of a series of original statements on a central concept, principle, theory, or problem in the social sciences, this module presents a definition and some illustrations of paired associate (PA) learning and a summary of the procedures used in PA learning. Many of the important research findings on PA learning are briefly recounted and a basic…