A three-stage model was designed to improve leadership training and improve instruction for Indiana vocational youth organizations. The model was field tested using a pretest-posttest, control-group design administered to five classrooms representing each of six vocational youth group organizations. Both formative and summative data were…

In a field such as instructional design, explanations of educational outcomes must necessarily consider multiple input variables. To adequately understand the contribution made by the independent variables, it is helpful to have a visual conception of how the input variables interrelate. Two variable models are adequately represented by a two…

Changing curriculum involves more than effecting variations in content of particular courses; it involves the sum total of experiences afforded the student in the pursuit of his educational objectives. Rather than debate whether what is happening is new or different or evidence of change, this review of the current literature reports what is being…

The role of evaluation in the development of evolutionary procedures is briefly described and highlighted. Four aspects of evaluation technique which distinguish efficient from inefficient CAI programs are identified. Evaluation of products is also characterized. Findings of a continuing survey of students via questionnaire as to the value of…

The first step toward the renaissance of the small school must be the determination of its inherent strengths and the identification of its structural weaknesses. Steps can then be taken to build program and procedures on those strengths, while at the same time devising expedients to reduce if not eliminate the weaknesses. However, it should be…

Reported is an eight-week seminar conducted for ten junior high school science teachers. The purpose of the seminar was to develop attitudes to, and skills in, science teaching that would be consistent with the nature of science and the nature of the adolescent individual. The seminar was structured in four phases: development of science education…

The essential purpose of the five papers compiled in this report is to summarize, analyze, and interpret recent tendencies in educational theory and practice and their implications for "the heart of the educational process," i.e., the curriculum. The papers focus on general strategies or methodologies of instruction, rather than specific subject…

The purpose of this report is to describe a systematic method of presenting a concept-learning problem to grade school children. Each child is tested individually. He is introduced to the concepts of size, shape, color, number of forms, and color of border on 2 by 3 inch cards in a practice book. He is then acquainted with a classificatory rule.…

A detailed examination of the many faceted and interrelated steps requisite to the rational design, production, and operational management of a validated learning experience mediated by technology is presented. The eight phases in instructional design within which the book operates are: 1) the frame of reference within which the instruction must…

Three aspects of concept teaching might be guided by the conceptual learning and development model. First, by assessing the characteristics of cognitive style, classificatory skills, and logical reasoning ability, the student's readiness to attain concepts under various circumstances can be determined. Secondly, the model points to optimal methods…

The development of motion visual instructional messages should proceed according to systems principles. This would permit the creation of more effective visual messages, allow educators to use more effectively the various media as communication tools, and assist in the refinement of the instructional development process. Like any system, a system…

Four pairs of concepts important for the descriptions of the language or form of objective statements are described. The paper addresses itself to a set of questions concerning the relations between the form of educational objectives and the function which those objectives serve. The concept pairs considered are general-specific,…

The University of Akron has been using computer assisted instruction (CAI) with cable television (CATV) in a system that blends man and machine delivery systems for instruction of its students. The system provides supplemental instruction in a variety of courses, but present hardware does not allow complete fulfillment of the instructional design.…

A review of cost-effectiveness analysis techniques was conducted in order to facilitate the selection of the most appropriate tool to aid any given instructional development effort. A survey was made of the cost-effectiveness techniques in current use, the differences among these techniques were examined in an analytical framework, and criteria…

The learning and instructional processes related to adult education are discussed in this monograph. Following a brief discussion of the nature of learning and of instruction, the stages and conditions of learning and instruction are presented. These stages and conditions relate to internal conditions prerequisite to learning (motivation,…