To ascertain some diagnostic functions of conjugate reinforcement, narrative stimuli, music or stories, were continuously provided the subjects contingent upon their responding. Thus, data relevant to the processes of listening, discrimination, and preference were continuously provided throughout five studies. The majority of the subjects were…

The purpose of this study was to investigate both the relationship between verbalization and shift-learning and the possible prepotent stimulus dimensions of the eighty-four 7-year-olds used as subjects. Four pairs of two-dimensional stimuli were presented to the children, for the discrimination learning task, in the following order: large black,…

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the various techniques used to estimate the time required by the human to process a visual stimuli, i.e., recognize a stimulus input into the visual perceptual system. Sixteen tests of visual processing speed were administered to 110 undergraduate students. In summary, scores tended…

A computer-based Eye-Movement Controlled Display System was developed for the study of perceptual processes in reading. Studies were conducted to identify the region from which skilled readers pick up various types of visual information during a fixation while reading. The results indicated that the subjects acquired word length pattern…

This study evaluated the effects of individual differences in attitudes toward sex roles on the learning of neutral material associated with situations differing in rated sex-role appropriateness. It was hypothesized that if sexism is a valid dimension as measured in this study, then "sexists" would learn nonsense syllables associated with scenes…

Several working assumptions regarding black reading behavior and alternative contexts for black reading research are presented in this paper along with an attempt to seek the fundamental bases of perception, that is, reading knowledge in the folk wisdom of people. The paper also discusses the influence of cultural and environmental factors on the…

This study investigated the reading comprehension of good and poor readers in the second grade on reading passages with and without illustration. Eighty subjects were selected from children attending the second grade in the public schools of a midwestern city of approximately 200,000. For the purposes of this study children scoring within the top…

Approximately 300 annotated references to research on the impact of television and other visual media on the behavior and development of children are presented in three sections of this bibliography. The first section consists of reports about the type of fare offered to the public and the values and picture of life it presents. Literature in the…

The first three levels of the taxonomy in the affective domain guided the development of two inventories--the Pennsylvania Inventory of Cultural Appreciations (PICA) for 11th graders and Things People Do (TPD) for 5th graders--to measure appreciation of human accomplishments in seven areas: politics, sciences, sports, literature, visual arts,…

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of indiscriminate use of counselor reflection, probe, confrontation, and free style on client behavior and client perceptions of counseling. The experiment was conducted at the University of Tennessee with 20 female volunteers from undergraduate education courses serving as subjects and four…

This study investigated attention and performance on simple tasks as well as classroom attention of seriously disturbed, communication-impaired, autistic-type children under conditions of reduced auditory input (using ear protectors) and under conditions of normal auditory input (using a placebo device). Under ear protector conditions, there was a…

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that increasing the rate of cognitive structuring of aurally input data through the use of compressed speech would improve scores on listening tests which measure ability in listening subskills. The hypothesis predicted that subjects trained in listening for details would improve in this…

An experiment was conducted to determine the influence of three variables on the perception of the psychophysical phenomenon of flicker in wide angle cathode ray tube (CRT) displays. The three independent variables treated in the experiment were: 3, 6, and 9 foot-lambers (FL) illumination levels; four images, three static and one dynamic; and 26…

A survey of assessment procedures of the newborn and of the infant during the first month of life was conducted; the survey indicated that there were instruments for evaluating the newborn and for evaluating the four-week-old infant, but there was no single procedure which included an evaluation of both the newborn and the four-week-old infant.…

Oriented toward an open approach to learning, this instructional kit contains suggestions, tactics, and materials which can be utilized in environmental studies. "Essence Two," a teacher orientation booklet, discusses the facets of openness which should be incorporated into the learning sequence. A set of 25 Assignment Cards suggests how to set up…