This book on the aspects of instructional processes focuses on control of student cognitive activity during instruction. Chapter 1 introduces the cybernetic approach to the theory of instruction. It is followed by a chapter on instructional effectiveness and efficiency. The third chapter discusses cognitive processes and thinking. Chapter 4…

The purpose of this study was to analyze the scores of groups who were instructed by two individualized instructional methods on characteristics hypothesized as being related to the instructional treatments. The instructional treatments consisted of a prescriptive method based upon behavioristic theory and a personalized method based upon…

This is the final report describing a supervised program of self-instruction in critical languages at the undergraduate level. The project was begun at a single college in 1963, was expanded to a statewide basis in 1966, and was again enlarged to run on a national basis in 1969. In 1971-72, over 1,000 students were enrolled in these programs at…

The challenges facing education today, in particular the educational programs for children aged 3 to 6, are found to be many and varied, with the failures in urban settings pointing up the need for different and responsive learning environments. In the development of alternatives to current conditions in the schools today, the following are…

Material presented in this document is primarily concerned with those aspects of an educational program which are related to individualized learning, "learning how to learn," direct observation of physical and human phenomena, wide use of educational media, vigorous discussions, and flexible environments. The document is based on the…

Since 1968, undergraduate education majors entering their senior year at the University of Connecticut have participated in a 7-week summer program in Great Britain, visiting a wide variety of schools, serving as teacher aides in urban and rural elementary classrooms, partaking in weekly seminars and field trips, and living in the homes of British…

This report summarizes chronologically a three-year ESEA Title III project to study the types of schools needed for the future. The major recommendation of the study was that an educational park should be established in the downtown area to provide enriched opportunities for pupils from widely different backgrounds and to serve as an experimental…

An approach to a language, literature, and composition curriculum designed to help students develop both an ability to think and an appreciation of themselves is summarized. Materials include (1) a listing of the main features of a communications curriculum from elementary through secondary school, (2) a rationale for the curriculum, which…

Computer-assisted instruction (CAI) attacks one of the greatest problems of education--how to get sufficient variety in educational materials to teach each individual without requiring a group of trained personnel to prepare all possible variations. CAI permits individualization electronically. CAI can be used to train problem solving, for drill…

During 1967-1968, the English Department at Pennsylvania State University, York Campus, used cartridge tape recorders on a trial basis to grade student themes. Each student in a two-term composition course purchased one tape cartridge which he submitted with each theme. While correcting the theme, the instructor recorded comments on the student's…

Effective individualized instruction and increased student participation in foreign language communication skills could be achieved by a team-teaching approach. A team, comprised of the regular foreign language teacher and a number of volunteer advanced students, could (1) present listening comprehension materials, (2) evaluate pronunciation and…

An undertaking designed to teach the fundamental concepts of programing makes the learner learn frame writing by means of frames. A sliding card gradually discloses the two basic sequences which programs usually follow--the linear and the branching sequences. A branching sequence may be normal or remedial, a frame regular or mainstream. A linear…

Conceptualizations concerning role changes of classroom teachers due to the use of computer assisted instruction (CAI) are contingent upon what system is used and how long it takes. However, some factors within CAI which may cause teacher role changes can be identified. Also, it is likely that the pattern of computer development will be gradual,…

Presuming that the innovative process should begin at the point at which a need for change coincides with the means of satisfying that need, the English teacher can update his instructional approach by examining, on the one hand, the student's felt need for articulate expression and a sympathetic listener, and on the other, the current advanced…

Strategies and materials for reading instruction in adult basic education are covered, together with psychological and sociological characteristics of undereducated adults. Demonstration centers, curriculum materials programs, and related efforts are described. Such innovations as basal series for sequential reading skill development, programed…