Outlines background information on census taking in North America, including the constitutional mandate for the U.S. census and the first census in 1790. Delineates the way that the data for the 1990 Census will be collected. Includes text of a letter written by George Washington concerning an undercount in the 1790 census. Concludes with a…

Surveys changes in the content of the U.S. census from 1790 to 1990. Focuses on how the information collected changed with the growth and development of the country. Lists principal topics covered in the population census since 1790, and in the housing census since 1940. Includes facsimiles of 1910 and 1990 census forms. (LS)

Uses census data from 1973-1981 to examine patterns of employment and unemployment during recession and recovery phases of the business cycle among Hispanic, Black, and White youth, aged 16-19. Describes intra-Hispanic differences by gender and ethnic subgroup. Contains eight statistical tables. (SV)

Examination of age-specific state-level data from the 1977-1980 reports of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Census Bureau reveals that availability of employment produces strong effects on juvenile arrest rates. Unemployment and low quality of employment (e.g., inadequate pay and hours) is associated with high arrest rates. (Author/BJV)

Describes a study that analyzed television series programs from 1950-89 featuring families to identify racial/ethnic composition, number of children, head of household, marital status, and family configuration and to compare television family characteristics with real families based on census figures. (16 references) (LRW)

Data from the 1980 Public Use Microdata Sample D for 16- to 18-year-old youths living with their parents are used to construct a model of youth labor force participation, incorporating household, local economic, and individual variables. Findings suggest the significant effects of household structural characteristics and family resources. (SLD)

Presents the "Strengths of Black Families" of R. B. Hill (1972) as a paradigm for understanding family behavior. Introduces the practice approach to these strengths in the work of E. Hall and G. King (1982) that is effective for developing family intervention strategies related to social and economic problems. (SLD)

Outlines a method of using census information on residence and marriage among the Crow during the early reservation era (1880-1910) to investigate the persistence of traditional family patterns and the emergence of twentieth-century tribal culture. Contains 19 data tables and figures. (SV)

Presents a geographical analysis of African American migration estimates compiled by the Census Bureau for the 1980-85 period. Argues that structural changes in employment opportunities and the housing affordability crisis in some of the nation's largest metropolitan areas are the dominant forces influencing current African American population…

Analyzes the effects of the following factors on low birth weight of 103,072 Black and White infants in Chicago: (1) median family income; (2) maternal age; (3) education; and (4) marital status. Concludes that family income shows racial disparity and that traditional risk factors do not completely explain racial differences in neonatal outcome.…

Using census data relating to secondary school completers in Israel, alternative explanations are examined for the well-documented positive relation between education and earnings. Results suggest that educational certification may exert an independent, positive influence on earnings over and above the investment effect of human capital. Includes…

Reviews variations in levels of English-language proficiency among immigrants from non-English-speaking countries to Australia. Data on 27 of the largest birthplace groups are used from the 1996 census. Discusses immigrants' motivation to learn English and be included in Australian society and Australian policies regarding immigration-selection…

Nonmetro educational attainment increased substantially between 1970 and 1990; however, nonmetro areas continued to lag metro in both high school and college completion rates. The metro-nonmetro gap in high school completion rates narrowed, whereas the gap in four-year college degree completion rates widened. Compares completion rates by region,…

Poverty rates for nonmetro families with children increased during the 1980s. Of these families, those headed by women had the highest poverty rate at 50.7% and were the household type whose rate increased most in nonmetro areas during the 1980s. Discusses differences in poverty rates and child poverty rates by county type and region. (KS)

A recent study drawing on data from the Census Bureau and the Bureau of Labor Statistics suggests that the wage gap between men and women has virtually disappeared, and that the so-called "glass ceiling" results more from age and qualifications than from explicit discrimination. (SLD)