A study attempted to replicate earlier research on the collaborative strategies used by non-native speakers (NNSs) of English in conversation and compare them with the strategies used by native speakers (NSs). Subjects were two graduate students, one Malaysian and one Japanese, both advanced NNSs of English. Each was shown a group of tangram…

This paper reports the results of a study that compared the strategies used by three different groups of upper secondary school students to regulate their own learning processes: 248 Australian students, 215 Japanese students at Japanese schools, and 30 Japanese students at Australian schools. The ways in which strategies are categorized were…

New ways to learn at work draw upon workers' previous experiences, link concepts and practices, and encourage reflection and the transfer of knowledge from one situation to another. Action, situated, and incidental learning are three current approaches. Action learning is a systematic process through which individuals learn by doing. It has been…

This study develops a prescriptive theory of learner control for educators to support the learner's decision making in the learning process and to manage more efficiently their instructional processes. The theoretical framework of learner control in conjunction with the self-regulation of learning, learner characteristics, and learner motivation…

The self-regulation of attributions, beliefs concerning the causes of outcomes, is explored. An increasing body of research substantiates the idea that effective self-regulation depends on forming positive attributions that promote perceptions of competence and sustain motivation directed toward learning. Self-regulation refers to the process by…

A practicum was designed to increase teacher awareness of how the diversity and dynamics of oral language impacted student participation in the classroom. Participation in classroom activities, such as following directions and group discussions, was influenced by each student's ability to express ideas and to remember, process, and retrieve…

This book offers study strategies and techniques which were originally used in resource rooms for students with mild disabilities but are appropriate for all students, all content areas, and all educational levels. The book is structured around the acronym SMARTS for the six action steps or skills covered: (1) Studying, (2) Memorizing, (3) Active…

This paper describes the Foresee Approach, a recently developed model for integrating content, language, and learning strategies instruction in the English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) or part ESL classroom. The Foresee model is an extension of Chamot and O'Malley's Cognitive Academic Language Learning Approach (CALLA), resembling the latter in…

In 1985, the Michigan State Board of Education revised state policy for reading instruction. The old definition of reading instruction concentrated on skills; the new one highlighted both the readers' role in constructing the meaning of text and the impact of reading experience on readers' textual interpretations. The new ideas for reading…

In order to optimize learner performance in all the conditions of learning, Gagne proposed the application of a nine-step process called the events of instruction. Events 1, 2, and 3--gaining attention, informing learners of the learning objective, and reminding learners of prerequisite skills fall within the rubric of preinstructional activities.…

The brain works by making patterns, and this process can be visualized through a medium called visual tools. The book discusses three types of visual tools: brainstorming webs, task-specific organizers, and thinking-process maps. Sample lessons, assessments, and descriptions of visual tools in action are included. Emphasis is placed on the…

This paper begins by pointing out that approximately 15-20% of college students suffer from a fear of public speaking, and that a 1993 study of 369 students at Northern Kentucky University revealed high levels of speech apprehension (SA) at the beginning of the semester in the introductory speech course. The paper reports that although…

The paper argues that a relationship between visualization and mathematical problem solving ability exists. Research suggests that visual imagery leads to increased understanding of mathematical concepts at both the primary and secondary levels. Mathematical potential is not necessarily "born." Potential can be created in the least likely students…

This study investigates the combined effect of student characteristics and instructional method on at-risk college students' academic performance. It examines the relationship of student characteristics and instructional methods to the performance variables of students' grades in a mandatory reading/study course for reading-deficient students;…

Identifying the specific self-regulated learning strategies students use as they move toward higher academic achievement has important educational implications. This may be particularly true for rural students, who often have fewer available resources than their suburban peers. In this study, 75 eleventh- and twelfth-graders in 12 rural high…