This compilation of 12 conflict resolution models is an attempt to provide a comparable overview of approaches that teach conflict management and peacemaking skills to K-12 students, teachers, counselors, and administrators. They have been selected for inclusion because they have been used in many schools around the United States. Each is…

Two studies investigated the effect of microcomputers on children's social behavior in preschool classrooms. The first study was conducted at a university nursery school; the second took place at a university day care center. Guided by a list of behaviors selected from the Friedrich and Stein Observation Scale, observations were made at both…

This study examined effects of accessible self-discrepancies on subjects' mood states and the effects of these mood states on compliance. Two affective states, agitation and dejection, were induced in 115 college students by priming their available self-discrepancies. After the subjects had received specific primes and their mood states had been…

To document the frequency of sharing in the context of classroom activities, a total of 116 preschool children 3 to 5 years of age were observed for half-hour periods in 17 classrooms of 4 preschools. Sharing was defined as interchanges in which the original holder grants to another child the partial use, or possession of a thing. All observations…

The ethical codes for experimentation adopted by most professional organizations include references to the requirement that subjects be given at least minimal information about their involvement in research, but are generally silent on the necessity of ascertaining whether or not subjects sufficiently comprehend the information given. For moral,…

Contrary to expectations, self-awareness inhibited reactions to a salient norm of social responsibility in two experiments which tested the hypothesis that directing attention to the self would lead to an increase in helping behavior. The reason, apparently, was that self-awareness interfered with the empathy process. Concerned about themselves…

Relationships between first name desirability and popularity were studied using boys and girls from six elementary schools. Girls' popularity, as demonstrated by positive sociometric choices, was significantly related to the desirability of their first names. There is some indication that boys' popularity with girls was influenced by boys' first…

Kindergarten children and adults were shown slides with an accompanying taped soundtrack which portrayed reciprocal and nonreciprocal aggressive and prosocial interactions. Following each episode, subjects' evaluations of the actor and their attributions concerning the cause of his behavior were obtained. (Author/JMB)

Tested college students for conformity when conditions contributing to conformity were absent. Found that social pressures (responding in public, being surveyed by fellow group members) are necessary to produce conformity. (RL)

A study of the effects on social behavior of alternate contingency systems in the physical play of six five-year-olds indicated that the frequency of occurrence of a target behavior can be increased, even when both target and ontarget behaviors are reinforced, if the reinforcement of the target behavior is more powerful. (Author/CB)

Reports a three-year case study of the effects of systematic interventions designed to enhance prosocial behavior among elementary school students. Particular attention is devoted to the scope and design of the study and a listing of the factors which were potential threats to its validity. (JDH)

In this study, in which triads of children were filmed while they played with a toy, the relation between (1) preschoolers' emotional status and (2) their performance and receipt of prosocial behaviors was examined. (PCB)

The study found no relationship between improved social behavior in a group of juveniles residing at a county shelter care facility and decreased frequency and duration of disruptions above 85 decibels. Subjects did reduce noise levels when stereo listening was made contingent on reduced noise. (Author/DB)

Examines the relation of preschoolers' self-attributions about their prosocial behaviors to frequency of prosocial responding. Attempts to determine if different types of prosocial behaviors are associated with different configurations of moral judgment, self-attributions, and social behaviors. Classroom observations of 44 preschoolers were made…