Few studies have considered academic vocabulary interventions for students who have learning disabilities (LD) and also are English learners (EL). This research explored the effects of the third year of the Creating Habits that Accelerate Academic Language of Students (CHAAOS) vocabulary intervention for eighth-grade students who received English…

The type of processing-resource allocation (TOPRA) model predicts that the semantic processing of new second language (L2) words can impede the learning of their forms while structural processing can promote it. Using this framework, the present study examined the effects of processing type (semantic, structural, control), exposure frequency (one…

This study evaluates the extent to which syntactic awareness contributes to reading comprehension in English-French bilinguals, considering both the potential for a direct relation, as well as an indirect one, through word reading. Participants were 146 first-grade students enrolled in early French immersion programs in Canada. While the children…

According to interpretations of results from the latest oral reading fluency (ORF) study conducted by the National Assessment of Educational Progress (White et al., 2020), fourth-grade students who score below the basic standard require interventions that focus on word recognition, phonological decoding, and fluency. Before such mandates for…

Reading comprehension instruction may be critical for students to learn from social studies text, particularly for students who are not yet proficient in reading. Understanding factors that correspond to high levels of student engagement during text-based social studies instruction appears particularly important. Data were collected from 50…

This study centered on emergent bilingual (EB) students with specific reading comprehension deficits (S-RCD), that is, with poor reading comprehension despite solid word identification skills. The participants were 209 students in Grades 2 to 4, including both EBs and English monolinguals (EMs) with and without S-RCD. Mean comparisons indicated…

This study centered on Dual Language Learners (DLLs) with specific reading comprehension deficits (S-RCD), that is, with poor reading comprehension despite solid word identification skills. The participants were 209 students in Grades 2-4, including both DLLs and English Monolinguals (EMs) with and without S-RCD. Mean comparisons indicated that…

The purpose of this study was to examine whether group-based differences exist in word- and text-level reading in a clinical sample of students with dyslexia, and to shed light on the cognitive processes supporting these essential skills. Second- through seventh-grade students were administered a battery of standardized measures of cognitive…

Efforts to improve classroom language practices and children's language learning, as a means of supporting reading comprehension, may depend on teachers' knowledge about language structures and language development. To date, however, educational researchers and teacher educators have little understanding about teachers' knowledge about oral…

Saudi EFL students experience similar difficulties as other language learners do when learning English. One of the most crucial disciplines of foreign language (FL) method study is the employment of reading strategies by speakers of EFL. Students who actively employ their reading comprehension techniques are able to comprehend and remember more of…

Purpose: Our aim was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the online administered format of the Test of Narrative Language--Second Edition (TNL-2; Gillam & Pearson, 2017), given the importance of assessing children's narrative ability and considerable absence of psychometric studies of spoken language assessments administered online.…

One of the ironic facts that existed in our society is functional illiteracy. It does not mean that people cannot read or write. People know how to read and write but are unable to understand the meaning of a text they read. Thus, this research was held to answer the question of "How can students' awareness of functional literacy be…

This study intends to find out what is the initial knowledge of the students before they were treated using Numbered Heads Together (NHT) and Team Games Tournament (TGT), ascertain of the significant difference between these two teaching strategies, and to know the responses of the students after they taught using Numbered Heads Together and Team…

Cooperative learning is considered to be effective to enhance students' English skills. This study utilizes two learning models under cooperative learning: Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha and Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD). This study aims to find out whether there is a significant difference between those two learning models in enhancing…

Evidence is growing that physical activity can impact cognitive functioning. This study examined the associations between physical activity, sedentary behavior and attitude toward physical activity on measures of literacy. Community literacy center participants (n = 20, mean age = 9.5 yrs.) wore accelerometers for three days and completed the…