The practice of grading students began in the late 1800s and became institutionalized within the educational system. Grading in K-12 education has remained relatively unchanged in its purpose, intent, and use for nearly a century while simultaneously becoming an increasingly critical factor that impacts student opportunities, external perceptions…

When the purpose and meaning of grades is not well-defined by an organization, there is a disconnect between curricular/assessment practices and student engagement. This study sought to investigate origins and find solutions in regards to discerning a student's knowledge and mastery of a subject and how this is reflected in the grade, and how…

Improve your grading and feedback practices to benefit your students and their writing development. This guide models a research-based, linguistically inclusive approach to grading writing so that you can incorporate equitable assessment and feedback into your everyday practice. A linguistically inclusive grading approach honors Black linguistic…

Purpose: This article describes an effort to ease the tension between boundary spanning roles for interns participating in a yearlong Professional Development School (PDS) program. In order to do this, the structure of a Social Studies Methods course was revised to mimic a professional learning community (PLC) and assignments were not evaluated…

School grades provide an easily understandable metric to measure the performance of a school. Parents and the general public can use the school grade and its associated components to understand how well each school is serving its students. The purpose of this technical guide is to provide a description of the procedures used to determine school…

This study explores lower secondary school teachers' arguments and perceptions for using a 26-point grading scale (26-PGS), and gender differences in assessment practice. An explanatory sequential design was conducted. First, teachers (n = 6) assessment of students' text (n = 182) was analysed. In the subsequent phase, an open-ended questionnaire…

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is transforming education, with assessment design emerging as a crucial area of innovation, particularly in computer science (CS) education. Effective assessment is critical for evaluating student competencies and guiding learning processes, yet traditional practices face significant challenges in CS…

English as a medium of instruction (EMI) is commonly adopted as a strategy for higher education internationalisation. While there are numerous studies on the teaching practices of EMI programmes, the relationship between EMI and structural inequalities has been less investigated, especially in "universal" higher education systems. To…

The purpose of this study was to examine teachers' perspectives on the intent and purpose of grading, the effectiveness of grading systems, and how large, complex systems can implement effective change. The design of the study was qualitative, based on an anonymous survey mixed with open-ended and Likert Scale questions. The participants in this…

Researchers and practitioners have identified the ability to read scientific literature effectively as a core competency in undergraduate STEM education, but comparatively little research has been conducted on how students engage, both cognitively and affectively, with advanced scientific research. This mixed-methods study assesses the process…

For more than 2 decades, Karin Hess has worked with the concept of depth of knowledge (DOK) and expanded applications of cognitive rigor across content areas and grade levels, proving that every student can experience deeper learning. This interactive book offers a self-guided journey beginning with the basics: what DOK is, what it is not, and…

Recent analyses of common public-speaking rubrics, grading practices, and course content have found widespread bias and inequities. This article contributes to the efforts to remedy some of the causes of these biases. It begins with a discussion of the disciplinary biases and institutional pressures that reinforce discriminatory assessment…

This study examines how peer evaluation functions in global virtual teams, a setting that reflects the collaborative demands of contemporary international business education. The authors tested whether peer evaluation subscales, total peer-report score, and various indicators of team diversity predict team performance, assessed by instructors in a…

Programmatic assessment (PA) is widely implemented in higher education and is theorised to support self-regulated learning (SRL). However, its mechanisms remain unclear. This study explored students' perceptions of PA's impact on SRL in a part-time, predominantly online Master's programme for healthcare professionals worldwide. A pragmatic…

Across the country, districts are taking a fresh look at how grading practices can better reflect what students know and are able to do. These efforts have the potential to address longstanding problems with fairness and consistency. However, changes to traditional practices can also spark confusion, anxiety, and even backlash when members of a…