Compared four demographic variables as well as perceived family-of-origin health in relation to marital adjustment in 75 couples who completed the Family of Origin Scale and Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Results suggested marital adjustment is related to family income and similarity of spouses' family-of-origin health experiences. (JAC)

A path model is presented which views income level and inequality as caused by ecological structure (age, racial composition, and regional location), industry mix (manufacturing and agricultural employment), and human capital factors (educational inequality and female labor force participation). (Author)

This paper uses a discrete-time multivariate hazard model and longitudinal data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation to examine how events affect poverty entries and exits and how these events have changed over time--from the pre-welfare reform period to the post-reform period. It also uses monthly state unemployment rate data from…

This study analyzed why child poverty rates were so much higher in Great Britain than in Western Germany during the 1990s, focusing on why child poverty exit rates were lower and child poverty entry rates were higher in Great Britain. Researchers used a form of decomposition analysis comparing cross-nationally the prevalence of events that…

This paper discusses the background and character of changes introduced by the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), examining post enactment responses by Congress, the states, and the courts. It explores the impact of the law on benefit use among immigrants, highlighting changes in usage among different…

This report uses data from the Census Bureau's Annual March Current Population Survey to show trends of children in households without available telephones. The percentage of children without phones at home declined significantly during the 1990s, though 4.3 million children were still phoneless. In 2000, 16 percent of children living in poverty…

This fourth annual report addresses the extent to which U.S. families depend on income from welfare programs, providing updated data on measures of welfare recipiency, dependency, and predictors of welfare dependence developed for previous reports. It highlights benefits under Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), now Temporary…

Income volatility challenges the functioning of the safety net provided by U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) food assistance programs for low-income families in time of need. Low-income families may be on a see-saw of income changes that make it difficult for program administrators to accurately target benefits and to define sensible…

This report examines whether people who left welfare between 1997 and 1999 were more disadvantaged or less job-ready than were an early group who left welfare between 1995 and 1997. The study compared barriers to work and economic outcomes using data from the National Survey of America's Families. Overall, results found little evidence of poorer…

This report assesses hardship among children of immigrants nationwide and in states with large immigrant populations (California, Colorado, Florida, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Texas, and Washington). Data from the 1999 National Survey of America's Families show that hardship is greater for children of immigrants than for the children of…

This paper examines the needs of children in grandparent care, using data from the 1999 National Survey of America's Families. Information on the children was obtained from the adult in the household most knowledgeable about the child's education and health care. Most children in grandparent care live with much older caregivers and caregivers with…

This letter to The Honorable William F. Goodling, Chairman, Committee on Education and the Workforce, House of Representatives follows up on a previous report by the U.S. General Accounting Office to determine changes in college affordability at public and private 4-year colleges and public 2-year colleges in the last 5 years. The analysis focused…

Several personal and social factors thought to influence college students' smoking were investigated by surveying a sample of college students who smoke (n=56) and do not smoke (n=160). Personal motivating factors examined were relaxation effects, image effects, competence effects, and stimulant effects. These personal reasons for smoking were…

The nutritional status of one hundred preschool children from the economically depressed area of Nashville, Tennessee was evaluated and correlated with Stanford-Binet test scores. (JM)