A fundamental problem in social cognition and person perception is the issue of consistency in impressions. Some conditions encourage people to stereotype others while other conditions encourage people to abandon their stereotypes. A study was conducted to identify the different kinds of eliciting conditions for piecemeal vs. stereotype processing…

Responding to challenges questioning the possibility of distinctively Catholic higher education, this article seeks to establish an integrated vision for Catholic universities. Relying on the works of Philip Gleason, Ignatius of Loyola, and Bernard Lonergan, the author provides a framework for the important research function of Catholic…

The central theme of this book is that each person is responsible for his or her own physical well-being. It offers factual knowledge of which forms of behavior are beneficial and why and emphasizes the need for positive motivation toward healthful living. The major categories covered in 24 chapters are: (1) emotional and neurological health; (2)…

Interdependence and social interaction are the topics of this teaching guide developed by the Los Angeles (California) Unified School District. Presented here are instructional objectives and activities which promote cross-cultural communication and cooperation in the development of social value systems. Aspects of verbal and nonverbal…

The relationship between empathic role-taking abilities and empathic behaviors observed in both naturalistic and experimental settings was examined in 14 children between the ages of 53 and 65 months. Children were observed at the McGill Daycare Centre twice a week for 8 weeks, totalling approximately 30 hours. Event sampling was used to record…

Examines the application of group level behavior modification techniques to a group of ten fifth-and sixth-grade antisocial children, and discusses the success of efforts to increase the incidence of prosocial behavior and decrease nonsocial and antisocial behavior. Describes an assessment procedure for behavioral measurement. (MS)

The Carnegie Corporation's mission is to continue Andrew Carnegie's philanthropic preoccupations with promoting education and world peace. In this essay, retiring Carnegie Corporation President David A. Hamburg provides a detailed accounting of his stewardship of the foundation since 1983, when he set forth new program directions in the context of…

This study assessed the relationships between human values and the psychological construct of world-mindedness. Fifty-one college students and 58 high school students in a town in the Pacific Northwest completed the Values Questionnaire (Schwartz, 1992, 94) and the Cross-cultural World-mindedness Questionnaire (Der-Karabetian, 1992). A stepwise…

This essay discusses the concept of tolerance and the role of tolerance in education. Glimpses from the history of intolerance and tolerance are presented and various theories of tolerance dealt with. Tolerance is defined here as the ability for people to live in peace and harmony with those who differ from them in language, religion, race and/or…

Seventeen children who had been removed from deleterious family backgrounds and placed in institutional care were exposed to imaginative play training. They showed significant increments in levels of imaginative play, positive emotionality, prosocial behaviors, and in measures of divergent thinking and story-telling skills, and decreases in levels…

The effects of videotapes of situations depicting coping difficulties (along with group discussion) on the prosocial behavior of 109 emotionally and academically handicapped boys (ages 7 to 15) in a residential treatment center were studied. Findings showed that Ss in the treatment group improved in their abilities to exercise self-control. (PHR)

Reports on a study examining the power of the open classroom meeting. Participants indicated that open meetings increased the ability of students to relate to others, to listen, to communicate feelings, and to solve problems. Significant implications for the role of the school counselor in such meetings are explored. (RJM)

Studied adolescent personal and interpersonal characteristics, including social competence and thoughts on friendship and romantic interests during a camp reunion. Found that concurrent interest in relationships is a stronger predictor of social competence for participants with anxious histories, although participants with secure histories were…

Examines peace education at the elementary school level, stressing the need to include interpersonal and international relations when teaching peace. Suggests peace education can lead children to prosocial behavior. Sees peace as a positive of being. Urges the infusion of peace education throughout the elementary social studies curriculum. (CH)

Examined impression management and humorous message production. Prekindergarten to grade eight children's humorous messages indicated an association between age, sex, target, and prosocial-antisocial humorous themes. Prior to grade four, children produced more prosocial than antisocial humorous messages, and after grade four, produced more…