The results of this investigation support, in part, the diffusion of responsibility hypothesis which states that antisocial behavior will occur whenever individuals are motivated to engage in socially-unacceptable behavior, and find themselves in a group of similarly motivated individuals. The mechanism by which this antisocial behavior is…

The training program for which these materials have been developed is divided into two parts: the first is general, theoretical, and cognitive; the second is specific, practical, and applied to actual situations. The first part provides a highly structured, non-threatening learning situation, and makes extensive use of set exercises; the second…

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SMALL GROUP COMPATIBILITY AND ACHIEVEMENT IN THE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE CURRICULUM STUDY LABORATORY BLOCK PROGRAM WAS TESTED. STUDENTS IN 14 CLASSES FROM FOUR HIGH SCHOOLS WERE ASSIGNED TO FOUR-MEMBER LABORATORY GROUPS CLASSIFIED AS COMPATIBLE OR INCOMPATIBLE. GROUP CLASSIFICATION WAS VALIDATED BY OBSERVERS WHO WERE NOT AWARE…

In order to understand the effect of care and concern from a group therapist, the author defines it as a force in a living system which propels the group toward a more complex form of organization, characterized by an absence of disorganization or internal anxiety. (Author)

Investigated the relationship between scores on the Orientation Inventory (Ori) and overt behavior during a small-group problem-solving activity. A special observation system scored the students' behavior in ten-second time-sampling intervals. Ori scores did not correlate even moderately well with the behavior of the subjects during the…

Describes an abrupt shift from a therapeutic community emphasizing group meetings to a hierarchical medical model on a mental hospital floor. Analyzes the contrast between the two models, compared with the subsequent restoration of the therapeutic community. Clarifies some mechanisms by which groups positively affect disturbed patients. (BP)

This article describes a model of group counseling with prison inmates. Members assume responsibility for what transpires, and structure is not imposed by the leader. The stages of a typical group are reviewed. Those counselor qualities that engender positive group outcomes are explored. (Author)

The centrality of interpersonal trust for effective managerial problem solving was illustrated by inducing either a high-trust or a low-trust mental set in experimental groups. Subjects operating in a high-trust environment were significantly more effective in problem solving. (Author)

The present investigation used 76 experienced varsity swimmers from three universities to test a conceptualization of affiliation motivation that parallels theoretical notions concerning achievement motivation. (Author/MP)

This study assessed the effect of mutuality of control orientation between group leaders with internal locus of control and external locus of control and members with similar characteristics; group members working with external leaders became more internal than did group members whose leaders were internal. (JD)

This article describes an evaluative project with normal high school students undertaken to measure what lasting changes a single weekend of "leaderless" encounter groups might produce. The training effected significant changes demonstrable a year later. (Author)

"Twenty million Americans are involved in fringe religious cults such as spiritualism, Hare Krishna, Scientology, and Black Gospel groups," according to anthropologist Irving Zaretsky of the University of Chicago. He recently completed a 10-year period as a participant-observer of fringe religious groups in the San Francisco Bay area and the…

A theoretical formulation is proposed that incorporates a concept of stress intended to permit analysis of group moves and individual mechanisms to resolve stress. Two extant theoretical formulations of work group behavior that includes a concept of stress related to group processes are reviewed. (Author/MLF)

Explores the potential usefulness of R.F. Bales' systematic method for the multiple level observation of groups (SYMLOG) by testing the predictive capability of the three SYMLOG dimensions and the amount of member dispersion on each dimension with the amounts of conflict, reported satisfaction, styles of conflict management, and quality of…

EDGE is a flexible group technique that enables participants to express, explain, exchange, and encapsulate their suggestions for creating their corporation's competitive edge. EDGE has two important outcomes: participants become more comfortable with each other and with problem solving, and they acquire small group skills. (JOW)