Purpose: Few studies have assessed listening effort (LE)--the cognitive resources required to perceive speech--among populations with intact hearing but reduced availability of cognitive resources. Attention/deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is theorized to restrict attention span, possibly making speech perception in adverse conditions more…

Sentence comprehension relies on the abilities to rapidly integrate different types of linguistic and non-linguistic information. The present study investigated whether Mandarin-speaking preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are able to use verb information predictively to anticipate the upcoming linguistic input during real-time…

A large group of eighth-grade social studies students (N=101) received instruction and practice using the Cornell note-taking system and were assigned to one of three note-taking groups or one non-note-taking group. Students were asked to read an article about persuasion and use their assigned note-taking system to take notes at home. A…

This study investigated Hong Kong secondary students' Classical Chinese (CC) reading comprehension, reading motivation, and the effects of different types of motivation on CC reading. Four hundred forty-eight seniors from four secondary schools in Hong Kong voluntarily completed a CC reading comprehension test and a reading motivation…

Although there have been extensive theoretical discussions on the various reading skills needed in academic situations, empirical investigations on this topic are scarce. There is even much less research on the latent structure underlying those skill needs. This study attempts to fill this gap by investigating the perceived factorial structure of…

Purpose: Intelligibility is a core concept of speech-language pathology, central both to the assessment of speech disorders and to intervention in such disorders. One purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and usability of a single-word assessment procedure, the Swedish Test of Intelligibility for Children (STI-CH), in a clinical…

This study advances previous research about the effects of explicit instruction on second language (L2) development by examining learners' use of verbal morphology following different types of explicit information (EI) and comprehension practice. We investigated the extent to which additional EI about the first language (L1) can reduce the effects…

This study presents a quantitative analysis of pre-emptive strategies used by first language speakers in talk addressed to second language speakers with moderate proficiency. The strategies identified in the conversations are reformulation, simplification, left-dislocation, and decomposition. The data come from simulated emergency calls in which…

Diversity of vocabulary knowledge and quantity of language exposure prior to literacy are key predictors of reading development. However, diversity and quantity of exposure are difficult to distinguish in behavioural studies, and so the causal relations with literacy are not well known. We tested these relations by training a connectionist…

Rate and comprehension are two components related to broad reading abilities (i.e., phonemic awareness, decoding, vocabulary, comprehension). The purpose of this study was to examine the unique contribution of three curriculum-based measures (CBM)-comprehension assessments compared to a CBM-oral reading rate assessment through diagnostic…

Direct Instruction (DI), commercially marketed by McGraw-Hill as Reading Mastery and Corrective Reading, is a bundle of highly scripted reading programs emphasizing phonics and phonemic awareness. This assessment considers 40 recently published studies on DI in order to consider the program's aims and efficacy as a means of teaching reading. Our…

The present study primarily aims to investigate the relationship between Pakistani students' receptive vocabulary growth and their reading development at two different points: at the beginning and the end of English course. The standardized vocabulary size test (VST) and reading comprehension test (TOEFL) were administered to 123 first year…

The benefits of studying topics accompanied by adjunct displays are well established in the literature; however, less is understood about the durability of these learning benefits. Therefore, in the current study, we investigate the cognitive benefits of causal diagrams over time. Undergraduate participants (N = 194) recruited from teacher…

This dissertation examines investment in language learning, especially how that investment looks over the entirety of a learner's target language-related journey. It investigates investment, in terms of positive and negative relationships and experiences, both at one point in time and over time, as well as how investment may be linked to a measure…

This study is a review of the impact of learning style and/or cognitive strategy on math, science and higher order thinking skills needed for STEM success. A meta-analysis and descriptive statistics were performed. Important variables such as gender, ability level, anxiety, etc. were addressed. Suggestions for future research and diagnostic…