Examined trends in counseling research as represented in the contents of the JOURNAL OF COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGY to identify the system of counseling psychology. The mechanical mirror or behavioral approach to research has been the most commonly occurring methodological design, followed in order by organic lamp, eclectic, and psychoanalytic designs.…

Institutions, individuals, policies, and interactions are identified as the four research perspectives that have guided most legislative studies and that could help to identify promising areas for future investigation of education issues. The discussion of each perspective includes a review of landmark research and comments on its contributions…

Much of educational administration research suffers from lack of conformity between data analysis and research design, inattention to the test/retest stability of measurement instruments, and the use of statistics for nominal or interval data with ordinal data, random-sample statistics with nonrandom samples, and unnecessarily complex statistical…

Sternberg (1981) presented correlations based on independent samples of about 25 cases each with a statistical comparison in a population parameter of zero and interpreted his results as if with appropriate tests. He needed to use a nonzero population parameter and compare for the difference between the z transformations. (Author/CM)

Sternberg's reply to paper Humphrey criticizes (see TM 507 045) includes: (1) invited position paper and detailed statistical testing would have been inappropriate; (2) Humphrey commits some of "misdeeds" of which he accuses Sternberg; (3) number of cases in the three nonentrenchment experiments are more than adequate for drawing conclusions; and…

Discusses background and theory underlying a design study for an interactive information retrieval system funded by the British Library Research and Development Department which will determine structural representations of anomalous states of knowledge (ASKs) underlying information needs. References are cited. (EJS)

Evaluations of extended media coverage of the courts have relied on survey research only. Authors argue for more adequate evaluations that involve survey, observational, and experimental research to (1) establish the external validity of any experimental findings and (2) gather complete data on the trials and participants. (PD)

Discusses characteristics that determine whether studies are significant Research: (1) framework of the research; (2) credibility of the research; and (3) applicability or consumer needs. Relates these characteristics to recent research in the fields of creative drama and children's theater. (PD)

Glass's estimator of effect size, the sample mean difference divided by the sample standard deviation, is studied in the context of an explicit statistical model. The exact distribution of Glass's estimator is obtained and the estimator is shown to have a small sample bias. Alternatives are proposed and discussed. (Author/JKS)

Discusses need for measuring the impact of career counseling in a more precise and meaningful way. Includes some of the issues raised by a survey of career counseling outcome research. Implications of these issues are presented in the form of a set of recommendations for researchers. (Author)

Discusses the major characteristics of the scientific and the humanistic approaches to research. Proposes that for the applied, human service professions such as education, action research is a more appropriate method. (SK)

A new procedure for determining the optimal number of interpretable factors to extract from a correlation matrix is introduced and compared to more conventional procedures. The new method evaluates the magnitude of the very simple structure index of goodness of fit for factor solutions of increasing rank. (Author/CTM)

The evaluation of competing analysis strategies based on estimator bias and variance is demonstrated using gains in standard scores and analysis of covariance procedures for quasi-experiments conforming to the fan-spread hypothesis. The findings do not lead to a uniform recommendation of either approach. (Author/JKS)

Structuralism as a theoretical base has so pervaded instructional design procedures and principles that conceptually identical constructs are competing for attention in the field. Standardization of some of these variables in a structuralist framework will facilitate theoretical and empirical development of instructional design research.…