This paper addresses instructional cues and begins with an attempt to determine the position of cues and to place them in a theoretical context. This is done by using a theory of school learning developed by B. S. Bloom (1976). Next, an attempt is made to define the concept of cues. Cues are a part of the quality of instruction or the quality of…

Assesses, in two studies, children's ability to evaluate the informativeness of retrieval cues (used to remember to do something in the future). In Study 1, 5- to 9-year-old children and adults evaluated potential effectiveness of cues. In Study 2, 4- to 9-year-olds evaluated potential effectiveness of cues for relocating hidden objects.…

Twenty-seven retarded sheltered workshop employees were trained on discrimination tasks using combinations of preference, prompt, and task agreement. Data revealed that when the learners were prompted in the dimension of the target discrimination, fewer errors were made, training time was reduced, and fewer training trials were required to reach…

The relationship between acknowledgement of the receipt of instruction and compliance with instructions in the work performance of two moderately retarded adults was examined. Verbal prompts affected acknowledgement negatively but compliance positively. Token points increased acknowledgement of instructions for both Ss and increased compliance in…

Background: Understanding arithmetical principles is a key part of a conceptual understanding of mathematics. However, very little attention has been paid to children's understanding of multiplicative, as compared to additive, principles. Aims: This study investigated (a) children's ability to use commutative and distributive cues to solve…

Links between early and late emerging inhibitory characteristics of young children are poorly understood. Based on existing evidence, this study proposed an indirect link between reactive inhibition to novelty (fearfulness) and later emerging effortful inhibition of prepotent response tendencies. A model was tested that posits that fearful…

Lecture listening is one of the most common classroom experiences for college students. Unfortunately, students are relatively inefficient notetakers in these situations; in fact, students record less than 40% of the information from lectures. This experiment explored the effects of two lecture cues, immediacy and organizational statements, on…

Coherence relations are typically taken to link two clauses or larger units and to be signaled at the text surface by conjunctions and certain adverbials. Relations, however, also can hold within clauses, indicated by prepositions like despite, due to, or in case of, when these have an internal argument denoting an eventuality. Although these…

The present experiments represent a phenomenon in which people experienced an illusion of knowing such that they were overconfident in their ability to remember information they subsequently were unable to recall. Semantic associates of cues served as targets and were studied during the original and interpolated study phases of a retroactive…