After outlining feminist theory (conceptualization and characteristics), a study examined attitudes toward issues having to do with feminist scholarship and the fields of journalism and communication, particularly assessing the validity of the conventional wisdom that women are advised against doing feminist research. The subjects were a purposive…

This paper presents a comprehensive case analysis of formal environmental scanning processes in three different institutions of higher education. The study focuses on how environmental scanning activities are organized and used to support institutional planning and decision-making. Special emphasis is placed on describing how environmental…

A meta-analysis of 78 published studies, from 1966 to 1979, on test anxiety reduction in college students was concerned with: (1) to what extent did treatment methods differ in efficacy; (2) to what extent was rigor in experimentation associated with outcome; and (3) to what extent was inertia, as a characteristic of research, associated with…

Critical Incident Technique (CIT) involves the collection of real-world examples of behavior that characterize either very effective or very ineffective performance of some activity. The principal advantage of the CIT is that it generates data based on actual behavior rather than on a particular researcher's subjectivity. The CIT has much to offer…

The stepwise regression method of selecting predictors for computer assisted multiple regression analysis was compared with forward, backward, and best subsets regression, using 16 data sets. The results indicated the stepwise method was preferred because of its practical nature, when the models chosen by different selection methods were similar…

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how multiple linear regression provides a viable statistical methodology for dealing with meta-analysis in general, and specifically with the issues of nonindependence and design complexity, such as multiple treatments. Since the F-test and t-test are special cases of the general linear model,…

The microcomputer offers social science field researchers a valuable tool for managing qualitative research data. In addition to the flexibility and efficiency of the microcomputer, the logic governing its programming and operation imposes a framework on the research process which necessitates that research decisions and strategies be explicit and…

Since meta-analysis was described in 1976 (Glass) as the application of familiar experimental methods to the integration of available research, at least five coherent approaches to meta-analysis have appeared in common use. These approaches can be divided into two broad groups. In the first group (including procedures by Robert Rosenthal, Larry…

Practicality is the hallmark of this physical education research manual. It focuses on applications with which investigators in this field typically are concerned; numerous examples clarify these points. All phases of research are covered, beginning with writing mechanics and style and a blueprint of the chapters that comprise the creditable…

Although college students may provide the data for many studies of educational institutions, the viewpoint of students is often excluded from the interpretation of these data. The social scientists and educational researchers who examine colleges and universities are adult/professionals and more likely to identify with other adult/professionals…

As part of a plan to raise the educational achievement level of Hawaiian children, a pre-kindergarten educational program will be implemented to serve preschool-age children who have the greatest risk of academic failure. The selection of sites for the program is to be determined by a systematic assessment of needs which will (1) analyze…

This chapter presents Hutchinson's Metamethodology, which is a methodology for building methodologies. The methodology is composed of a set of rules and procedures that, when followed and applied to any problem area, will result in a systematic set of procedures for dealing with that problem area. The following major processes of the methodology…

Research on children and media has generally focused on the negative impact of media on developing minds. However, a theoretical framework is proposed for thinking about the role of television for American children from a developmental perspective. Instead of focusing on television's effects, television viewing can be examined as is any other…

The definition of differential item performance (DIP), often referred to as item bias, is discussed. DIP is suggested as a comprehensive term to encompass item bias (item invalidity which is unfair to certain population subgroups) and instructional bias (a valid reflection of group differences in instruction or background). This study investigated…

Although previous conceptualizations have made distinctions among two types of research, this paper suggests conceptual distinctions among three types of research: basic, applied, and evaluation. In an evolving field, distinctions are based on recent writings and the elaboration of evaluation research as different in emphasis from basic and…