Describes an approach to the study of writing processes based on the analysis of temporal aspects of the writing event. The approach involves recording the keystroke presses made during production of a text using a word processor, and analyzing such features as pausing, fluency, and revision activity. (Author/VWL)

Illustrates subtleties and complexities of gender in language education, and suggests implications of research for educational practice. Demonstrates alternatives for research into gender and language classrooms, showing both how the more familiar approaches can be fruitfully developed and how researchers can go beyond them. (Author/VWL)

Looks at American foreign language education from the standpoint of an outsider and compares it with foreign language education and teacher preparation in Russia. Discusses teacher education and language teaching and theories. Suggests both systems have advantages that are rooted in intellectual traditions and are unlikely to change. (Author/VWL)

Emphasizes the importance of developing literacy skills in the elementary school if communicative competence is the goal of a fully articulated K-12 curriculum for Spanish. The vehicle necessary for developing these skills lies in curricular objectives that emphasize literacy and in teacher education programs that foster the growth of this…

Discusses the importance of teaching foreign languages through culture and culture through language study. Addresses how the textbooks used to study English by Russian students must focus more on the needs of Russian students. Summarizes the findings from a survey demonstrating that Russian students' knowledge of U.S. culture originates from…

Through a review of the research, this article demonstrates that developing literacy in English as a first language is essentially similar to developing literacy in English as a Second Language for both students with normal hearing and students with hearing impairments. The implications for teaching literacy skills in English are discussed. (CR)

Examines theoretical foundations and practical application of Translation Quality Assessment (TQA), particularly in translator training. Several approaches to translation are considered, especially the "functional" and "relevance" approaches. The need for TQA, several popular views on translation quality, and the issue of…

Gives an overview of the history of the Hawaiian language and the decline in number of speakers, chronicles efforts to revitalize it, and discusses the role of computing and online communications in this process, focusing on the Leoki bulletin board system, the first fully based on an indigenous language. Activities in an elementary school…

This study examined one group of adults attempting to develop their heritage language to discover their motivation for studying the language and the challenges they encountered. Twenty-four Korean American students enrolled in beginning to advanced levels of Korean in one heritage language program were surveyed. (Author/JL)

Research published in recent years that deals with the Comprehension (Input) Hypothesis is reviewed, and evidence supporting the hypothesis is underlined. The research is from the areas of literacy development, second-language learning, and foreign-language learning and confirms the claim that development of language and literacy operate in much…

Discusses the importance of appropriate proficiency-oriented testing for students studying foreign languages, explaining that grammatical accuracy is of no value if it cannot be used to carry out real-life tasks as an inherent and natural activity. Presents guidelines for designing and administering tests and provides an example of a…

Investigated reasons for student choice in foreign-language study when moving from 8th to 9th grade. Eighth graders from districts that varied in how and when they offered foreign languages completed surveys after registering for ninth grade. Their main reasons for language selection were utilitarian, including the desire to satisfy future college…

This paper sets out a series of awareness tasks for introducing English-as-a-Second-Language teachers to English language corpora and concordances. The aim of the task is to make teachers more critical of how English is described and presented in course materials and to show them that corpora are a good resource for language investigation.…

Discusses findings of a small-scale survey of primary teachers in Botswana. Particular focus is on respondents' views of whether English or Setswana, or a combination of the two languages, should be used as the medium of instruction. (Author/JL)

Looks at naturalistic samples of adult-to-child speech to determine whether variations in the input are consistent with reported variations in the proportions of nouns and verbs in children's early vocabularies. Naturalistic speech samples from English-, Italian-, and Mandarin-speaking children and their caregivers were examined. (Author/JL)